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Ensuring consistency between research papers and their corresponding software code implementations is a fundamental prerequisite for guaranteeing the reproducibility of scientific findings and the reliability of software systems. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Tianxiang Xu , Xiaoyan Zhu , Xin Lai , Sizhe Dang , Xin Lian , Hangyu Cheng , Jiayin Wang

Metagenomic data, comprising mixed multi-species genomes, are prevalent in diverse environments like oceans and soils, significantly impacting human health and ecological functions. However, current research relies on K-mer, which limits…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-30 ChenRui Duan , Zelin Zang , Yongjie Xu , Hang He , Zihan Liu , Siyuan Li , Zijia Song , Ju-Sheng Zheng , Stan Z. Li

Large language models (LLMs) have shown growing promise in biomedical research, particularly for knowledge-driven interpretation tasks. However, their ability to reliably reason from gene-level knowledge to functional understanding, a core…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-25 Xiaohan Huang , Meng Xiao , Chuan Qin , Qingqing Long , Jinmiao Chen , Yuanchun Zhou , Hengshu Zhu

Interpreting transcriptomic data is one of the most common analytical tasks in modern biology. Yet most current models either consume expression profiles without producing natural-language biological explanations, or reason in language…

Recent years have witnessed a surge in the development of protein foundation models, significantly improving performance in protein prediction and generative tasks ranging from 3D structure prediction and protein design to conformational…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-08 Fei Ye , Zaixiang Zheng , Dongyu Xue , Yuning Shen , Lihao Wang , Yiming Ma , Yan Wang , Xinyou Wang , Xiangxin Zhou , Quanquan Gu

The biomedical domain has sparked a significant interest in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), which has seen substantial advancements with pre-trained language models (PLMs). However, comparing these models has proven…

With the increasing application of large language models (LLMs) in the medical domain, evaluating these models' performance using benchmark datasets has become crucial. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of various benchmark…

Automating the recognition of outcomes reported in clinical trials using machine learning has a huge potential of speeding up access to evidence necessary in healthcare decision-making. Prior research has however acknowledged inadequate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Micheal Abaho , Danushka Bollegala , Paula R Williamson , Susanna Dodd

Answering questions with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) has significantly enhanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet its impact on Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) still lacks a systematic assessment and in-depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Dongzhi Jiang , Renrui Zhang , Ziyu Guo , Yanwei Li , Yu Qi , Xinyan Chen , Liuhui Wang , Jianhan Jin , Claire Guo , Shen Yan , Bo Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Peng Gao , Hongsheng Li

Motivation: The size of available omics datasets is steadily increasing with technological advancement in recent years. While this increase in sample size can be used to improve the performance of relevant prediction tasks in healthcare,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-04 Jonas C. Ditz , Bernhard Reuter , Nico Pfeifer

Molecules play a crucial role in biomedical research and discovery, particularly in the field of small molecule drug development. Given the rapid advancements in large language models, especially the recent emergence of reasoning models, it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Chenyang Zuo , Siqi Fan , Zaiqing Nie

Molecular docking plays a crucial role in predicting the binding mode of ligands to target proteins, and covalent interactions, which involve the formation of a covalent bond between the ligand and the target, are particularly valuable due…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-27 Yangzhe Peng , Kaiyuan Gao , Liang He , Yuheng Cong , Haiguang Liu , Kun He , Lijun Wu

Proteins perform critical processes in all living systems: converting solar energy into chemical energy, replicating DNA, as the basis of highly performant materials, sensing and much more. While an incredible range of functionality has…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-29 Leonardo V. Castorina , Rokas Petrenas , Kartic Subr , Christopher W. Wood

Data science plays a critical role in biomedical research, but it requires professionals with expertise in coding and medical data analysis. Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in supporting medical tasks and performing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Zifeng Wang , Benjamin Danek , Ziwei Yang , Zheng Chen , Jimeng Sun

The paper introduces a framework for the evaluation of the encoding of factual scientific knowledge, designed to streamline the manual evaluation process typically conducted by domain experts. Inferring over and extracting information from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Magdalena Wysocka , Oskar Wysocki , Maxime Delmas , Vincent Mutel , Andre Freitas

As multimodal large language models (MLLMs) grow increasingly capable, fixed benchmarks are gradually losing their effectiveness in evaluating high-level scientific understanding. In this paper, we introduce the Multimodal Academic Cover…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Mohan Jiang , Jin Gao , Jiahao Zhan , Dequan Wang

We are now witnessing significant progress of deep learning methods in a variety of tasks (or datasets) of proteins. However, there is a lack of a standard benchmark to evaluate the performance of different methods, which hinders the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Minghao Xu , Zuobai Zhang , Jiarui Lu , Zhaocheng Zhu , Yangtian Zhang , Chang Ma , Runcheng Liu , Jian Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted as conversational assistants in genomics, where they are mainly used to reason over biological knowledge, annotations, and analysis outputs through natural language interfaces. However,…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-08 Weicai Long , Yusen Hou , Junning Feng , Houcheng Su , Shuo Yang , Donglin Xie , Yanlin Zhang

Conventional single-dataset training often fails with new data distributions, especially in ultrasound (US) image analysis due to limited data, acoustic shadows, and speckle noise. Therefore, constructing a universal framework for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Lingyu Chen , Yawen Zeng , Yue Wang , Peng Wan , Guo-chen Ning , Hongen Liao , Daoqiang Zhang , Fang Chen