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Data dimension reduction (DDR) is all about mapping data from high dimensions to low dimensions, various techniques of DDR are being used for image dimension reduction like Random Projections, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Wisal Khan , Muhammad Turab , Waqas Ahmad , Syed Hasnat Ahmad , Kelash Kumar , Bin Luo

The current paper studies sample-efficient Reinforcement Learning (RL) in settings where only the optimal value function is assumed to be linearly-realizable. It has recently been understood that, even under this seemingly strong assumption…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Philip Amortila , Nan Jiang , Dhruv Madeka , Dean P. Foster

The use of machine learning methods for predictive purposes has increased dramatically over the past two decades, but uncertainty quantification for predictive comparisons remains elusive. This paper addresses this gap by extending the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-05-09 Juan Carlos Escanciano , Ricardo Parra

We provide an improved analysis of standard differentially private gradient descent for linear regression under the squared error loss. Under modest assumptions on the input, we characterize the distribution of the iterate at each time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Gavin Brown , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Georgina Evans , Daogao Liu , Adam Smith , Abhradeep Thakurta

In this work, we propose a novel framework for estimating the dimension of the data manifold using a trained diffusion model. A diffusion model approximates the score function i.e. the gradient of the log density of a noise-corrupted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Jan Stanczuk , Georgios Batzolis , Teo Deveney , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

We address the problem of evaluating the quality of self-supervised learning (SSL) models without access to supervised labels, while being agnostic to the architecture, learning algorithm or data manipulation used during training. We argue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Yuchen Lu , Zhen Liu , Aristide Baratin , Romain Laroche , Aaron Courville , Alessandro Sordoni

Recently, self-supervised learning has attracted great attention, since it only requires unlabeled data for model training. Contrastive learning is one popular method for self-supervised learning and has achieved promising empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Weiran Huang , Mingyang Yi , Xuyang Zhao , Zihao Jiang

Despite their groundbreaking performance for many generative modeling tasks, diffusion models have fallen short on discrete data domains such as natural language. Crucially, standard diffusion models rely on the well-established theory of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-10 Aaron Lou , Chenlin Meng , Stefano Ermon

A common belief in high-dimensional data analysis is that data are concentrated on a low-dimensional manifold. This motivates simultaneous dimension reduction and regression on manifolds. We provide an algorithm for learning gradients on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-02-24 Sayan Mukherjee , Qiang Wu , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Modern datasets are characterized by a large number of features that may conceal complex dependency structures. To deal with this type of data, dimensionality reduction techniques are essential. Numerous dimensionality reduction methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-02 Francesco Denti , Diego Doimo , Alessandro Laio , Antonietta Mira

The discrepancy between in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) samples can lead to \textit{distributional vulnerability} in deep neural networks, which can subsequently lead to high-confidence predictions for OOD samples. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Zhilin Zhao , Longbing Cao , Kun-Yu Lin

Embedding-based representations in Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$ are a cornerstone of modern machine learning, where a major goal is to use the \emph{smallest dimension} that faithfully captures data relations. In this work, we prove sharp…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Dionysis Arvanitakis , Vaggos Chatziafratis , Yiyuan Luo

In a given classification task, the accuracy of the learner is often hampered by finiteness of the training set, high-dimensionality of the feature space and severe overlap between classes. In the context of interpretable learners, with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Marco Canducci , Lida Abdi , Alessandro Prete , Roland J. Veen , Michael Biehl , Wiebke Arlt , Peter Tino

Temporal difference (TD) learning is a foundational algorithm in reinforcement learning (RL). For nearly forty years, TD learning has served as a workhorse for applied RL as well as a building block for more complex and specialized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hwanwoo Kim , Panos Toulis , Eric Laber

Interpretability benefits the theoretical understanding of representations. Existing word embeddings are generally dense representations. Hence, the meaning of latent dimensions is difficult to interpret. This makes word embeddings like a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Minxue Xia , Hao Zhu

In this paper, we study distributional reinforcement learning from the perspective of statistical efficiency. We investigate distributional policy evaluation, aiming to estimate the complete return distribution (denoted $\eta^\pi$) attained…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-13 Liangyu Zhang , Yang Peng , Jiadong Liang , Wenhao Yang , Zhihua Zhang

Ensembling a neural network is a widely recognized approach to enhance model performance, estimate uncertainty, and improve robustness in deep supervised learning. However, deep ensembles often come with high computational costs and memory…

This paper focuses on understanding how the generalization error scales with the amount of the training data for deep neural networks (DNNs). Existing techniques in statistical learning require computation of capacity measures, such as VC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Devansh Bisla , Apoorva Nandini Saridena , Anna Choromanska

Self-supervised contrastive learning has emerged as a powerful tool in machine learning and computer vision to learn meaningful representations from unlabeled data. Meanwhile, its empirical success has encouraged many theoretical studies to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jingyi Cui , Hongwei Wen , Yisen Wang

The Intrinsic Dimension (ID) is a key concept in unsupervised learning and feature selection, as it is a lower bound to the number of variables which are necessary to describe a system. However, in almost any real-world dataset the ID…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-02 Antonio Di Noia , Iuri Macocco , Aldo Glielmo , Alessandro Laio , Antonietta Mira
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