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World models envision potential future states based on various ego actions. They embed extensive knowledge about the driving environment, facilitating safe and scalable autonomous driving. Most existing methods primarily focus on either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Yu Yang , Jianbiao Mei , Yukai Ma , Siliang Du , Wenqing Chen , Yijie Qian , Yuxiang Feng , Yong Liu

We present an end-to-end imitation learning system for agile, off-road autonomous driving using only low-cost sensors. By imitating a model predictive controller equipped with advanced sensors, we train a deep neural network control policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Yunpeng Pan , Ching-An Cheng , Kamil Saigol , Keuntaek Lee , Xinyan Yan , Evangelos Theodorou , Byron Boots

Safety-critical corner cases, difficult to collect in the real world, are crucial for evaluating end-to-end autonomous driving. Adversarial interaction is an effective method to generate such safety-critical corner cases. While existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiaheng Geng , Jiatong Du , Xinyu Zhang , Ye Li , Panqu Wang , Yanjun Huang

In autonomous driving, predicting future events in advance and evaluating the foreseeable risks empowers autonomous vehicles to better plan their actions, enhancing safety and efficiency on the road. To this end, we propose Drive-WM, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Yuqi Wang , Jiawei He , Lue Fan , Hongxin Li , Yuntao Chen , Zhaoxiang Zhang

In this paper, we present a novel end-to-end deep neural network model for autonomous driving that takes monocular image sequence as input, and directly generates the steering control angle. Firstly, we model the end-to-end driving problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Peng Wan , Zhenbo Song , Jianfeng Lu

Recent advances in generative models have sparked exciting new possibilities in the field of autonomous vehicles. Specifically, video generation models are now being explored as controllable virtual testing environments. Simultaneously,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Jiahao Wang , Zhenpei Yang , Yijing Bai , Yingwei Li , Yuliang Zou , Bo Sun , Abhijit Kundu , Jose Lezama , Luna Yue Huang , Zehao Zhu , Jyh-Jing Hwang , Dragomir Anguelov , Mingxing Tan , Chiyu Max Jiang

We present Flex, an efficient and effective scene encoder that addresses the computational bottleneck of processing high-volume multi-camera data in end-to-end autonomous driving. Flex employs a small set of learnable scene tokens to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jiawei Yang , Ziyu Chen , Yurong You , Yan Wang , Yiming Li , Yuxiao Chen , Boyi Li , Boris Ivanovic , Marco Pavone , Yue Wang

Conventional end-to-end autonomous driving methods often rely on explicit global scene representations, which typically consist of 3D object detection, online mapping, and motion prediction. In contrast, human drivers selectively attend to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ruiqi Song , Xianda Guo , Yanlun Peng , Qinggong Wei , Hangbin Wu , Long Chen

Safety remains one of the most critical challenges in autonomous driving systems. In recent years, the end-to-end driving has shown great promise in advancing vehicle autonomy in a scalable manner. However, existing approaches often face…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Zhiwei Zhang , Ruichen Yang , Ke Wu , Zijun Xu , Jingchu Liu , Lisen Mu , Zhongxue Gan , Wenchao Ding

End-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) has emerged as a trend in the field of autonomous driving, promising a data-driven, scalable approach to system design. However, existing E2E-AD methods usually adopt the sequential paradigm of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Xiaosong Jia , Junqi You , Zhiyuan Zhang , Junchi Yan

End-to-end autonomous driving has emerged as a compelling alternative to traditional modular pipelines by directly mapping raw sensor data to driving actions. While recent approaches achieve strong performance on single-domain datasets,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hoonhee Cho , Giwon Lee , Jae-Young Kang , Hyemin Yang , Heejun Park , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Large vision-language models (VLMs) for autonomous driving (AD) are evolving beyond perception and cognition tasks toward motion planning. However, we identify two critical challenges in this direction: (1) VLMs tend to learn shortcuts by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yue Li , Meng Tian , Dechang Zhu , Jiangtong Zhu , Zhenyu Lin , Zhiwei Xiong , Xinhai Zhao

End-to-end autonomous driving demonstrates strong planning capabilities with large-scale data but still struggles in complex, rare scenarios due to limited commonsense. In contrast, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel in scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Bo Jiang , Shaoyu Chen , Bencheng Liao , Xingyu Zhang , Wei Yin , Qian Zhang , Chang Huang , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Focusing on the task of point-to-point navigation for an autonomous driving vehicle, we propose a novel deep learning model trained with end-to-end and multi-task learning manners to perform both perception and control tasks simultaneously.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Oskar Natan , Jun Miura

A principal barrier to large-scale deployment of urban autonomous driving systems lies in the prevalence of complex scenarios and edge cases. Existing systems fail to effectively interpret semantic information within traffic contexts and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yuhang Zhang , Jiaqi Liu , Chengkai Xu , Peng Hang , Jian Sun

Designing a driving policy for autonomous vehicles is a difficult task. Recent studies suggested an end-toend (E2E) training of a policy to predict car actuators directly from raw sensory inputs. It is appealing due to the ease of labeled…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Yonatan Glassner , Liran Gispan , Ariel Ayash , Tal Furman Shohet

We address the decision-making capability within an end-to-end planning framework that focuses on motion prediction, decision-making, and trajectory planning. Specifically, we formulate decision-making and trajectory planning as a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Wenru Liu , Yongkang Song , Chengzhen Meng , Zhiyu Huang , Haochen Liu , Chen Lv , Jun Ma

Closed-loop evaluation is increasingly critical for end-to-end autonomous driving. Current closed-loop benchmarks using the CARLA simulator rely on manually configured traffic scenarios, which can diverge from real-world conditions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haibao Yu , Wenxian Yang , Ruiyang Hao , Chuanye Wang , Jiaru Zhong , Ping Luo , Zaiqing Nie

End-to-end autonomous driving has achieved remarkable progress by integrating perception, prediction, and planning into a fully differentiable framework. Yet, to fully realize its potential, an effective online trajectory evaluation is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Yingyan Li , Yuqi Wang , Yang Liu , Jiawei He , Lue Fan , Zhaoxiang Zhang

In recent years, considerable progress has been made towards a vehicle's ability to operate autonomously. An end-to-end approach attempts to achieve autonomous driving using a single, comprehensive software component. Recent breakthroughs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Hege Haavaldsen , Max Aasboe , Frank Lindseth