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The S-shaped magnetic structure in the solar wind formed by the twisting of magnetic field lines is called a switchback, whose main characteristics are the reversal of the magnetic field and the significant increase in the solar wind radial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-21 Mingming Meng , Ying D. Liu , Chong Chen , Rui Wang

The strength and morphology of the Sun's magnetic field evolves significantly during the solar cycle, with the overall polarity of the Sun's magnetic field reversing during the maximum of solar activity. Long-term changes are also observed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-01 Adam J. Finley , Allan Sacha Brun

We update two kinds of results obtained with the SWAN instrument on board SOHO. First, we use H cell data recorded in 2001 and derive the H flow direction in the same way we performed the study at solar minimum. We compare with the Helium…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-15 Rosine Lallement , Eric Quémerais , Dimitra Koutroumpa , Jean-Loup Bertaux , Stéphane Ferron , Walter Schmidt

The solar wind proton temperature at 1-au has been found to be correlated with small-scale intermittent magnetic structures, i.e., regions with enhanced temperature are associated with coherent structures such as current sheets. Using…

Parker Solar Probe's first encounters with the Sun revealed the presence of ubiquitous localised magnetic deflections in the inner heliosphere; these structures, often called switchbacks, are particularly striking in solar wind streams…

The plasma density enhancements recently observed by the Large-Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) instrument onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft have sparked considerable interest. In our previous…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-18 A. F. Rappazzo , M. Velli , G. Einaudi , R. B. Dahlburg

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observed a high speed stream near the Sun ($\sim 9.8 R_\odot$) in March 2025. As this stream was observed near the Sun, it allowed for an unparalleled opportunity to observe pristine, coronal hole wind with little…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Kai Jaffarove , Tamar Ervin , Stuart D. Bale

The shape of the electron velocity distribution function plays an important role in the dynamics of the solar wind acceleration. Electrons are normally modelled with three components, the core, the halo, and the strahl. We investigate how…

Switchbacks are discrete angular deflections in the solar wind magnetic field that have been observed throughout the heliosphere. Recent observations by Parker Solar Probe (PSP) have revealed the presence of patches of switchbacks on the…

We studied the presence and spatiotemporal evolution of the quasi-biennial oscillations (QBOs) in the rotation rate residuals at target depths of 0.90$R_{\odot}$, 0.95$R_{\odot}$, and 0.99$R_{\odot}$ and at low (0 -- 30$^{\circ}$), mid (30…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 Fadil Inceoglu , Rachel Howe , Paul T. M. Loto'aniu

One of the striking observations from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft is the prevalence in the inner heliosphere of large amplitude, Alfv\'enic magnetic field reversals termed 'switchbacks'. These $\delta B_R/B \sim \mathcal{O}(1$)…

The properties of the solar wind measured in-situ in the heliosphere are largely controlled by energy deposition in the solar. Previous studies have shown that long duration and large scale magnetic structures show an inverse relation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-30 J-B. Dakeyo , A. P. Rouillard , V. Réville , P. Démoulin , M. Maksimovic , A. Chapiron , R. F. Pinto , P. Louarn

The line-of-sight (LOS) component of the large-scale photospheric magnetic field has been observed since the 1950s, but the daily full-disk observations of the full vector magnetic field started only in 2010 using the SOLIS Vector Stokes…

Space Physics · Physics 2019-04-25 Ilpo I. Virtanen , Alexei A. Pevtsov , Kalevi Mursula

The double pulsar system PSR J0737-3039A/B offers exceptional possibilities for detailed probes of the structure of the pulsar magnetosphere, pulsar winds and relativistic reconnection. We numerically model the distortions of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 David Lomiashvili , Maxim Lyutikov

Using a classification scheme for solar wind type based on the heliocentric distance of the observation, we look at near perihelion observations from Parker Solar Probe Encounters Four to Fourteen to study the sources of the slow…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-18 Tamar Ervin , Kai Jaffarove , Samuel T. Badman , Jia Huang , Yeimy J. Rivera , Stuart D. Bale

Recent SECCHI COR2 observations on board STEREO-A spacecraft have detected density structures at a distance of 2.5--15~R propagating with periodicity of about 90~minutes. The observations show that the density structures probably formed in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-26 O. S. Pylaev , T. V. Zaqarashvili , A. I. Brazhenko , V. N. Melnik , A. Hanslmeier , M. Panchenko

The scope of this study is to model the solar-wind environment for the Parker Solar Probe's unprecedented distances down to 9.86 Rs in its mission phase during 2018-2025. The study is performed within the CGAUSS project which is the German…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-21 M. S. Venzmer , V. Bothmer

In this work, the orbital evolution of these objects that are located in the geostationary orbit (GEO) is analyzed. Knowing this, the possibility of using a solar sail is considered to help to clean the space environment. The main natural…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-26 Jean Paulo dos S. Carvalho , Rodolpho Vilhena de Moraes , Antonio Fernando Bertachini de A. Prado

The Solar Wind Around Pluto (SWAP) instrument on NASA's New Horizon Pluto mission has collected solar wind observations en route from Earth to Pluto, and these observations continue beyond Pluto. Few missions have explored the solar wind in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 H. A. Elliott , D. J. McComas , P. Valek , G. Nicolaou , S. Weidner , G. Livadiotis

The remoteness of the Sun and the harsh conditions prevailing in the solar corona have so far limited the observational data used in the study of solar physics to remote-sensing observations taken either from the ground or from space. In…