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The exponential growth of data generated on the Internet in the current information age is a driving force for the digital economy. Extraction of information is the major value in an accumulated big data. Big data dependency on statistical…

Large language models (LLMs) have wide applications in the field of natural language processing(NLP), such as GPT-4 and Llama. However, with the exponential growth of model parameter sizes, LLMs bring significant resource overheads. Low-bit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Liangdong Liu , Zhitong Zheng , Cong Wang , Tianhuang Su , Zhenyu Yang

Autoregressive language models (LMs) map token sequences to probabilities. The usual practice for computing the probability of any character string (e.g. English sentences) is to first transform it into a sequence of tokens that is scored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Nadezhda Chirkova , Germán Kruszewski , Jos Rozen , Marc Dymetman

Including memory banks in a natural language processing architecture increases model capacity by equipping it with additional data at inference time. In this paper, we build upon $k$NN-LM \citep{khandelwal20generalization}, which uses a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Jean-Francois Ton , Walter Talbott , Shuangfei Zhai , Josh Susskind

Text generation aims to produce human-like natural language output for down-stream tasks. It covers a wide range of applications like machine translation, document summarization, dialogue generation and so on. Recently deep neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Xiaoyu Shen

As NLP tools become ubiquitous in today's technological landscape, they are increasingly applied to languages with a variety of typological structures. However, NLP research does not focus primarily on typological differences in its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Sophie Groenwold , Samhita Honnavalli , Lily Ou , Aesha Parekh , Sharon Levy , Diba Mirza , William Yang Wang

The dominating NLP paradigm of training a strong neural predictor to perform one task on a specific dataset has led to state-of-the-art performance in a variety of applications (eg. sentiment classification, span-prediction based question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Paul Michel

Multilingual sequence-to-sequence models perform poorly with increased language coverage and fail to consistently generate text in the correct target language in few-shot settings. To address these challenges, we propose mmT5, a modular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jonas Pfeiffer , Francesco Piccinno , Massimo Nicosia , Xinyi Wang , Machel Reid , Sebastian Ruder

While NLP typically treats documents as independent and unordered samples, in longitudinal studies, this assumption rarely holds: documents are nested within authors and ordered in time, forming person-indexed, time-ordered…

Transformer-based language models are now widely used in Natural Language Processing (NLP). This statement is especially true for English language, in which many pre-trained models utilizing transformer-based architecture have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Sławomir Dadas , Michał Perełkiewicz , Rafał Poświata

We propose in this contribution a method for l one regularization in prototype based relevance learning vector quantization (LVQ) for sparse relevance profiles. Sparse relevance profiles in hyperspectral data analysis fade down those…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-21 Martin Riedel , Marika Kästner , Fabrice Rossi , Thomas Villmann

Aligning language models (LMs) with preferences is an important problem in natural language generation. A key challenge is that preferences are typically provided at the sequence level while LM training and generation both occur at the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Shentao Yang , Shujian Zhang , Congying Xia , Yihao Feng , Caiming Xiong , Mingyuan Zhou

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been shown to capture various aspects of syntax from raw linguistic input. In most previous experiments, however, learning happens over unrealistic corpora, which do not reflect the type and amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ludovica Pannitto , Aurélie Herbelot

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as summarization, question answering, and translation. However, LLMs pose significant security risks due to their tendency to memorize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhepeng Wang , Runxue Bao , Yawen Wu , Jackson Taylor , Cao Xiao , Feng Zheng , Weiwen Jiang , Shangqian Gao , Yanfu Zhang

The field of data visualisation has long aimed to devise solutions for generating visualisations directly from natural language text. Research in Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) has contributed towards the development of such techniques.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Paula Maddigan , Teo Susnjak

Large Language Models (LLMs) show remarkable performance on a wide variety of tasks. Most LLMs split text into multi-character tokens and process them as atomic units without direct access to individual characters. This raises the question:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Lukas Edman , Helmut Schmid , Alexander Fraser

Tokenisation is the first step in almost all NLP tasks, and state-of-the-art transformer-based language models all use subword tokenisation algorithms to process input text. Existing algorithms have problems, often producing tokenisations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Edward Gow-Smith , Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Carolina Scarton , Aline Villavicencio

Can autoregressive large language models (LLMs) learn consistent probability distributions when trained on sequences in different token orders? We prove formally that for any well-defined probability distribution, sequence perplexity is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Xiaoliang Luo , Xinyi Xu , Michael Ramscar , Bradley C. Love

Large language models (LLMs) can be used to generate smaller, more refined datasets via few-shot prompting for benchmarking, fine-tuning or other use cases. However, understanding and evaluating these datasets is difficult, and the failure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Emily Reif , Minsuk Kahng , Savvas Petridis

Although large language models (LLMs) have been touted for their ability to generate natural-sounding text, there are growing concerns around possible negative effects of LLMs such as data memorization, bias, and inappropriate language.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Michael Kuchnik , Virginia Smith , George Amvrosiadis