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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a promising framework for solving inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) by integrating observational data and physical constraints in a unified optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yongsheng Chen , Yong Chen , Wei Guo , Xinghui Zhong

Acquisition of large datasets for three-dimensional (3D) partial differential equations (PDE) is usually very expensive. Physics-informed neural operator (PINO) eliminates the high costs associated with generation of training datasets, and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-10 Sunan Zhao , Zhijie Li , Boyu Fan , Yunpeng Wang , Huiyu Yang , Jianchun Wang

Physics-informed Neural Network (PINN) is a promising tool that has been applied in a variety of physical phenomena described by partial differential equations (PDE). However, it has been observed that PINNs are difficult to train in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-07-19 E. J. R. Coutinho , M. Dall'Aqua , L. McClenny , M. Zhong , U. Braga-Neto , E. Gildin

Foundation models for partial differential equations (PDEs) have emerged as powerful surrogates pre-trained on diverse physical systems, but adapting them to new downstream tasks remains challenging due to limited task-specific data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Vlad Medvedev , Leon Armbruster , Christopher Straub , Georg Kruse , Andreas Rosskopf

Neural operators such as the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) have been shown to provide resolution-independent deep learning models that can learn mappings between function spaces. For example, an initial condition can be mapped to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Aditya Kashi , Arka Daw , Muralikrishnan Gopalakrishnan Meena , Hao Lu

Solving parametric Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) for a broad range of parameters is a critical challenge in scientific computing. To this end, neural operators, which \textcolor{black}{predicts the PDE solution with variable PDE…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-14 Weiheng Zhong , Hadi Meidani

Topology optimization is used for the design of high-performance structures but remains fundamentally limited by its iterative nature, requiring repeated finite element analyses that prevent real-time deployment and large-scale design…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Aaron Lutheran , Srijan Das , Alireza Tabarraei

The precise simulation of turbulent flows is of immense importance in a variety of scientific and engineering fields, including climate science, freshwater science, and the development of energy-efficient manufacturing processes. Within the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-10 Shengyu Chen , Peyman Givi , Can Zheng , Xiaowei Jia

Recent advancements in operator-type neural networks have shown promising results in approximating the solutions of spatiotemporal Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). However, these neural networks often entail considerable training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Shuhao Cao , Francesco Brarda , Ruipeng Li , Yuanzhe Xi

Solving partial differential equations with neural operators significantly reduces computational costs but remains bottlenecked by high training data requirements. Active learning offers a natural framework to mitigate this by selectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Alicja Polanska , Lorenzo Zanisi , Vignesh Gopakumar , Stanislas Pamela

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are revolutionizing science and engineering practice by bringing together the power of deep learning to bear on scientific computation. In forward modeling problems, PINNs are meshless partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Yicheng Wang , Xiaotian Han , Chia-Yuan Chang , Daochen Zha , Ulisses Braga-Neto , Xia Hu

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving partial differential equations~(PDEs) in various scientific and engineering domains. However, traditional PINN architectures typically rely on large, fully…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Stefano Markidis

The fast simulation of dynamical systems is a key challenge in many scientific and engineering applications, such as weather forecasting, disease control, and drug discovery. With the recent success of deep learning, there is increasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Zezheng Song , Jiaxin Yuan , Haizhao Yang

We present the first foundational AI model for universal physics simulation that learns physical laws directly from boundary-condition data without requiring a priori equation encoding. Traditional physics-informed neural networks (PINNs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Bradley Camburn

Multiscale problems are ubiquitous in physics. Numerical simulations of such problems by solving partial differential equations (PDEs) at high resolution are computationally too expensive for many-query scenarios, such as uncertainty…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Hamidreza Eivazi , Jendrik-Alexander Tröger , Stefan Wittek , Stefan Hartmann , Andreas Rausch

In this work, we describe a novel approach to building a neural PDE solver leveraging recent advances in transformer based neural network architectures. Our model can provide solutions for different values of PDE parameters without any need…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Varun Madhavan , Amal S Sebastian , Bharath Ramsundar , Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are capable of finding the solution for a given boundary value problem. We employ several ideas from the finite element method (FEM) to enhance the performance of existing PINNs in engineering…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Shahed Rezaei , Ali Harandi , Ahmad Moeineddin , Bai-Xiang Xu , Stefanie Reese

We present the Physics-Informed Low-Rank Neural Operator (PILNO), a neural operator framework for efficiently approximating solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs) on point cloud data. PILNO combines low-rank kernel…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Sebastian Schaffer , Lukas Exl

The physics informed neural network (PINN) is evolving as a viable method to solve partial differential equations. In the recent past PINNs have been successfully tested and validated to find solutions to both linear and non-linear partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Vikas Dwivedi , Nishant Parashar , Balaji Srinivasan

This paper presents a PINN training framework that employs (1) pre-training steps that accelerates and improve the robustness of the training of physics-informed neural network with auxiliary data stored in point clouds, (2) a net-to-net…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Bahador Bahmani , WaiChing Sun