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Federated learning has attracted significant attention as a privacy-preserving framework for training personalised models on multi-source heterogeneous data. However, most existing approaches are unable to handle scenarios where subgroup…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-14 Changxin Yang , Zhongyi Zhu , Heng Lian

Recently, foundation models have exhibited remarkable advancements in multi-modal learning. These models, equipped with millions (or billions) of parameters, typically require a substantial amount of data for finetuning. However, collecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Haokun Chen , Yao Zhang , Denis Krompass , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

Federated Learning (FL) is a method of training machine learning models on private data distributed over a large number of possibly heterogeneous clients such as mobile phones and IoT devices. In this work, we propose a new federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Enmao Diao , Jie Ding , Vahid Tarokh

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed training paradigm that enables clients scattered across the world to cooperatively learn a global model without divulging confidential data. However, FL faces a significant challenge in the form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Xidong Wu , Wan-Yi Lin , Devin Willmott , Filipe Condessa , Yufei Huang , Zhenzhen Li , Madan Ravi Ganesh

Federated learning (FL) enables collaboratively training a model while keeping the training data decentralized and private. However, one significant impediment to training a model using FL, especially large models, is the resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Seyed Mahmoud Sajjadi Mohammadabadi , Syed Zawad , Feng Yan , Lei Yang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising approach to training machine learning models across decentralized data sources while preserving data privacy, particularly in manufacturing and shared production environments. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Tatjana Legler , Vinit Hegiste , Ahmed Anwar , Martin Ruskowski

As privacy concerns continue to grow, federated learning (FL) has gained significant attention as a promising privacy-preserving technology, leading to considerable advancements in recent years. Unlike traditional machine learning, which…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Boyu Fan , Siyang Jiang , Xiang Su , Sasu Tarkoma , Pan Hui

Machine learning typically relies on the assumption that training and testing distributions are identical and that data is centrally stored for training and testing. However, in real-world scenarios, distributions may differ significantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Ying Li , Xingwei Wang , Rongfei Zeng , Praveen Kumar Donta , Ilir Murturi , Min Huang , Schahram Dustdar

The key premise of federated learning (FL) is to train ML models across a diverse set of data-owners (clients), without exchanging local data. An overarching challenge to this date is client heterogeneity, which may arise not only from…

Federated Learning is a recent approach to train statistical models on distributed datasets without violating privacy constraints. The data locality principle is preserved by sharing the model instead of the data between clients and the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-30 Mohamad Mohamad , Julian Neubert , Juan Segundo Argayo

Recent breakthroughs in natural language processing and computer vision, driven by efficient pre-training on large datasets, have enabled foundation models to excel on a wide range of tasks. However, this potential has not yet been fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Özgün Turgut , Philip Müller , Martin J. Menten , Daniel Rueckert

Machine learning methods for estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) facilitate large-scale personalized decision-making across various domains such as healthcare, policy making, education, and more. Current machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Disha Makhija , Joydeep Ghosh , Yejin Kim

Federated Learning (FL) trains deep models across edge devices without centralizing raw data, preserving user privacy. However, client heterogeneity slows down convergence and limits global model accuracy. Clustered FL (CFL) mitigates this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Minghao Li , Dmitrii Avdiukhin , Rana Shahout , Nikita Ivkin , Vladimir Braverman , Minlan Yu

The heterogeneity of hardware and data is a well-known and studied problem in the community of Federated Learning (FL) as running under heterogeneous settings. Recently, custom-size client models trained with Knowledge Distillation (KD) has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Hongrui Shi , Valentin Radu , Po Yang

Federated learning (FL) has proven essential for privacy-preserving, collaborative training across distributed clients. Our prior work, TransFed, introduced a robust transformer-based FL framework that leverages a learn-to-adapt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Tajamul Ashraf , Iqra Altaf Gillani

Federated learning (FL) is increasingly adopted in domains like healthcare, where data privacy is paramount. A fundamental challenge in these systems is statistical heterogeneity-the fact that data distributions vary significantly across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Zijian Wang , Xiaofei Zhang , Xin Zhang , Yukun Liu , Qiong Zhang

While prior domain generalization (DG) benchmarks consider train-test dataset heterogeneity, we evaluate Federated DG which introduces federated learning (FL) specific challenges. Additionally, we explore domain-based heterogeneity in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Ruqi Bai , Saurabh Bagchi , David I. Inouye

Federated Learning (FL) is a learning paradigm that protects privacy by keeping client data on edge devices. However, optimizing FL in practice can be difficult due to the diversity and heterogeneity of the learning system. Despite recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yongxin Guo , Tao Lin , Xiaoying Tang

Federated domain generalization (FedDG) addresses distribution shifts among clients in a federated learning framework. FedDG methods aggregate the parameters of locally trained client models to form a global model that generalizes to unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Ragja Palakkadavath , Hung Le , Thanh Nguyen-Tang , Svetha Venkatesh , Sunil Gupta

Federated learning allows a large number of devices to jointly learn a model without sharing data. In this work, we enable clients with limited computing power to perform action recognition, a computationally heavy task. We first perform…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Pranjal Jain , Shreyas Goenka , Saurabh Bagchi , Biplab Banerjee , Somali Chaterji