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We provide a countable set of conditions based on elementary symmetric polynomials that are necessary and sufficient for a trace class integral operator to be positive semidefinite, which is an important cornerstone for quantum theory in…
This work explores new classes of nonstationary stochastic sequences associated with polynomial hypergroups. Their covariance structures are analyzed through positive definite kernels and corresponding Hilbert spaces. Novel consistent…
In this note we prove positivity of Maclaurin coefficients of polynomials written in terms of rising factorials and arbitrary log-concave sequences. These polynomials arise naturally when studying log-concavity of rising factorial series.…
We prove a strengthened form of a conjecture of Sun on a determinant attached to a binary quadratic form. Let $n>3$ and let $c,d\in\Z$. If $n$ is composite, then \[ \det\big[(i^2+cij+dj^2)^{n-2}\big]_{0\leq i,j\leq n-1}\equiv 0\pmod {n^2}…
Consider a discrete-time optimal selection problem where one observes a sequence of independent Bernoulli trials and receives a nonnegative reward upon stopping on a success. The aim is to find a single-choice strategy that maximises the…
Two types of explanations have been receiving increased attention in the literature when analyzing the decisions made by classifiers. The first type explains why a decision was made and is known as a sufficient reason for the decision, also…
The structure of the set of positivity-preserving maps between matrix algebras is notoriously difficult to describe. The notable exceptions are the results by St{\o}rmer and Woronowicz from 1960s and 1970s settling the low dimensional…
Differentially positive systems are systems whose linearization along trajectories is positive. Under mild assumptions, their solutions asymptotically converge to a one-dimensional attractor, which must be a limit cycle in the absence of…
That the Perron root of a square nonnegative matrix A varies continuously with the entries in A is a corollary of theorems regarding continuity of eigenvalues or roots of polynomial equations, the proofs of which necessarily involve complex…
We prove some necessary conditions for a link to be either concordant to a quasi-positive link, quasi-positive, positive, or the closure of a positive braid. The main applications of our results are a characterisation of positive links with…
Second-order necessary optimality conditions for nonlinear conic programming problems that depend on a single Lagrange multiplier are usually built under nondegeneracy and strict complementarity. In this paper we establish a condition of…
The classical Fibonacci sequence is known to exhibit many fascinating properties. In this paper, we explore the Fibonacci sequence and integer sequences generated by second order linear recurrence relations with positive integer…
Motivated by quantum thermodynamics we first investigate the notion of strict positivity, that is, linear maps which map positive definite states to something positive definite again. We show that strict positivity is decided by the action…
Reasoning under uncertainty is a fundamental challenge in Artificial Intelligence. As with most of these challenges, there is a harsh dilemma between the expressive power of the language used, and the tractability of the computational…
We consider bivariate polynomials orthogonal on the bicircle with respect to a positive linear functional. The lexicographical and reverse lexicographical orderings are used to order the monomials. Recurrence formulas are derived between…
This paper is about equality of proofs in which a binary predicate formalizing properties of equality occurs, besides conjunction and the constant true proposition. The properties of equality in question are those of a preordering relation,…
Can you decide if there is a coincidence in the numbers counting two different combinatorial objects? For example, can you decide if two regions in $\mathbb{R}^3$ have the same number of domino tilings? There are two versions of the…
We exhibit a lower-triangular matrix of polynomials $T(a,c,d,e,f,g)$ in six indeterminates that appears empirically to be coefficientwise totally positive, and which includes as a special case the Eulerian triangle. We prove the…
Human agents happen to judge that a conjunction of two terms is more probable than one of the terms, in contradiction with the rules of classical probabilities---this is the conjunction fallacy. One of the most discussed accounts of this…
This paper investigates the problem of testing clause sets for membership in classes known from literature. In particular, we are interested in classes defined via renaming: Is it possible to rename the predicates in a way such that…