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Solar flares and coronal mass ejections, originating from solar active regions (ARs), are the primary drivers of space weather and can disrupt technological systems. Forecasting efforts heavily rely on photospheric magnetic field data from…
This paper presents SunPy (version 0.5), a community-developed Python package for solar physics. Python, a free, cross-platform, general-purpose, high-level programming language, has seen widespread adoption among the scientific community,…
The solar atmosphere is a hot (about 1MK), magnetised plasma of great interest to physicists. There have been many previous studies of the temperature of the Sun's atmosphere (Plowman2012, Wit2012, Hannah2012, Aschwanden2013, etc.). Almost…
The SunPy Project is a community of scientists and software developers creating an ecosystem of Python packages for solar physics. The project includes the sunpy core package as well as a set of affiliated packages. The sunpy core package…
In this article, we present Gammapy, an open-source Python package for the analysis of astronomical $\gamma$-ray data, and illustrate the functionalities of its first long-term-support release, version 1.0. Built on the modern Python…
With the exponential growth in data volume, especially in recent decades, the demand for data processing has surged across all scientific fields. Within astronomical datasets, the combination of solar space missions and ground-based…
Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive and label-free chemical analysis technique, which plays a key role in the analysis and discovery cycle of various branches of science. Nonetheless, progress in Raman spectroscopic analysis is still…
The impact of radiation dramatically increases at high altitudes in the Earth's atmosphere and in space. Therefore, monitoring and access to radiation environment measurements are critical for estimating the radiation exposure risks of…
An iterative method is presented for reconstructing the height-temperature profile of the solar atmosphere above a sunspot using multi-frequency spectro-polarimetric microwave observations. It is assumed that the emission is formed…
Solar radio emissions provide several unique diagnostics to estimate different physical parameters of the solar corona, which are otherwise simply inaccessible. However, imaging the highly dynamic solar coronal emissions spanning a large…
Solar radio emissions offer unique diagnostic insights into the solar corona. However, their dynamic and multiscale nature, along with several orders of magnitude variations in intensity, pose significant observational challenges. To date,…
The increasing availability of high-quality optical and near-infrared spectroscopic data, as well as advances in modelling techniques, have greatly expanded the scientific potential of spectroscopic studies. However, the software tools…
We present observations of quiet-sun small-scale structures (SSS) in the microwave range with the {\it Radio Astronomical Telescope of the Academy of Sciences 600} (RATAN-600) spectral-polarization facility in a wide range of frequencies.…
Observations of the Sun in the visible spectral range belong to standard measurements obtained by instruments both on the ground and in the space. Nowadays, both nearly continuous full-disc observations with medium resolution and dedicated…
We present a Python tool to generate a standard dataset from solar images that allows for user-defined selection criteria and a range of pre-processing steps. Our Python tool works with all image products from both the Solar and…
The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) offers new diagnostic possibilities that complement other commonly used diagnostics for the study of our Sun. In particular, ALMA's ability to serve as an essentially linear…
The phenomena observed at the Sun have a variety of unique radio signatures that can be used to diagnose the processes in the solar atmosphere. The insights provided by radio obervations are further enhanced when they are combined with…
Traditional radio telescopes use large, steel dishes to observe radio sources. The LOFAR radio telescope is different, and uses tens of thousands of fixed, non-movable antennas instead, a novel design that promises ground-breaking research…
Gammapy is a Python package for high-level gamma-ray data analysis built on Numpy, Scipy and Astropy. It enables us to analyze gamma-ray data and to create sky images, spectra and lightcurves, from event lists and instrument response…
Remote sensing images are useful for a wide variety of planet monitoring applications, from tracking deforestation to tackling illegal fishing. The Earth is extremely diverse -- the amount of potential tasks in remote sensing images is…