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A critical factor in the success of decision support systems is the accurate modeling of user preferences. Psychology research has demonstrated that users often develop their preferences during the elicitation process, highlighting the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Connor Lawless , Jakob Schoeffer , Lindy Le , Kael Rowan , Shilad Sen , Cristina St. Hill , Jina Suh , Bahareh Sarrafzadeh

Recent advanced large language models (LLMs) have showcased their emergent capability of in-context learning, facilitating intelligent decision-making through natural language prompts without retraining. This new machine learning paradigm…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xinxin Zhang , Zhuoqun Xu , Guangpu Zhu , Chien Ming Jonathan Tay , Yongdong Cui , Boo Cheong Khoo , Lailai Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are the cornerstone in automating Requirements Engineering (RE) tasks, underpinning recent advancements in the field. Their pre-trained comprehension of natural language is pivotal for effectively tailoring them…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Andreas Vogelsang , Jannik Fischbach

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of industrial applications, from search and recommendation systems to generative tasks. Although scaling laws indicate that larger models generally…

Reranking is fundamental to information retrieval and retrieval-augmented generation, with recent Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly advancing reranking quality. Most current works rely on large-scale LLMs (>7B parameters),…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Xianming Li , Aamir Shakir , Rui Huang , Tsz-fung Andrew Lee , Julius Lipp , Benjamin Clavié , Jing Li

The rapid advancements in large Language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their reasoning capabilities, driven by various strategies such as multi-agent collaboration. However, unlike the well-established performance improvements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zihan Chen , Song Wang , Zhen Tan , Xingbo Fu , Zhenyu Lei , Peng Wang , Huan Liu , Cong Shen , Jundong Li

Query understanding is essential in modern relevance systems, where user queries are often short, ambiguous, and highly context-dependent. Traditional approaches often rely on multiple task-specific Named Entity Recognition models to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Ping Liu , Jianqiang Shen , Qianqi Shen , Chunnan Yao , Kevin Kao , Dan Xu , Rajat Arora , Baofen Zheng , Caleb Johnson , Liangjie Hong , Jingwei Wu , Wenjing Zhang

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) for domain applications in fields such as materials science and engineering depends on the development of fine-tuning strategies that adapt models for specialized, technical capabilities. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Wei Lu , Rachel K. Luu , Markus J. Buehler

With the rapid development of language models, the number of small language models (SLMs) has grown significantly. Although they do not achieve state-of-the-art accuracy, they are more efficient and often excel at specific tasks. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Chenyu Wang , Zishen Wan , Hao Kang , Emma Chen , Zhiqiang Xie , Tushar Krishna , Vijay Janapa Reddi , Yilun Du

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in mathematical reasoning has become a cornerstone of related research, demonstrating the intelligence of these models and enabling potential practical applications through their advanced performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Kathrin Seßler , Yao Rong , Emek Gözlüklü , Enkelejda Kasneci

Large Language Models (LLMs) are frequently used for multi-faceted language generation and evaluation tasks that involve satisfying intricate user constraints or taking into account multiple aspects and criteria. However, their performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Swarnadeep Saha , Omer Levy , Asli Celikyilmaz , Mohit Bansal , Jason Weston , Xian Li

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance by jointly processing inputs from multiple modalities, such as vision, audio, and language. However, building such models or extending them to new modalities often requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Md Kaykobad Reza , Ameya Patil , Edward Ayrapetian , M. Salman Asif

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in diverse natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The LLMs generally undergo supervised fine-tuning (SFT) followed by preference alignment to be usable in downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Shiva Kumar Pentyala , Zhichao Wang , Bin Bi , Kiran Ramnath , Xiang-Bo Mao , Regunathan Radhakrishnan , Sitaram Asur , Na , Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by achieving state-of-the-art performance across various tasks. Recently, their effectiveness as embedding models has gained attention, marking a paradigm shift…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Chongyang Tao , Tao Shen , Shen Gao , Junshuo Zhang , Zhen Li , Kai Hua , Wenpeng Hu , Zhengwei Tao , Shuai Ma

The performance of pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) is often sensitive to nuances in prompt templates, requiring careful prompt engineering, adding costs in terms of computing and human effort. In this study, we present experiments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Liang Cheng , Tianyi LI , Zhaowei Wang , Mark Steedman

Large language model (LLM)-based Multi-agent systems (MAS) have shown promise in tackling complex collaborative tasks, where agents are typically orchestrated via role-specific prompts. While the quality of these prompts is pivotal, jointly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zhexuan Wang , Xuebo Liu , Li Wang , Zifei Shan , Yutong Wang , Zhenxi Song , Min Zhang

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into automated algorithm design has shown promising potential. A prevalent approach embeds LLMs within search routines to iteratively generate and refine candidate algorithms. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Fei Liu , Rui Zhang , Xi Lin , Zhichao Lu , Qingfu Zhang

Recent studies have uncovered the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in addressing complex sequential decision-making tasks through the provision of high-level instructions. However, LLM-based agents lack specialization in tackling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zihao Zhou , Bin Hu , Chenyang Zhao , Pu Zhang , Bin Liu

Large language models (LLMs) significantly enhance the performance of various applications, but they are computationally intensive and energy-demanding. This makes it challenging to deploy them on devices with limited resources, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yang Li , Daniel Agyei Asante , Changsheng Zhao , Ernie Chang , Yangyang Shi , Vikas Chandra

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with diverse and multifaceted user preferences is a fundamental challenge in personalized AI systems. Existing multi-objective alignment methods either rely on costly training or require pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Linhao Luo , Thuy-Trang Vu , Van-Anh Nguyen , Junae Kim , Gholamreza Haffari , Dinh Phung