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Time-frequency analysis of data from the GALLEX and GNO solar neutrino experiments shows that some features in power-spectrum analyses of those datasets are due to aliasing. We normalize data for each of the four experiments in the GALLEX…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-08-11 P. A. Sturrock

Over three quarters in 2010-2011, Kepler monitored optical emission from four active galactic nuclei (AGN) with ~30 min sampling, >90% duty cycle, and <~0.1% repeatability. These data determined the AGN optical fluctuation power spectral…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Richard F. Mushotzky , Rick Edelson , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Poshak Gandhi

We analyse the ultraviolet variability time scales in a sample of 15 Type 1 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) observed by IUE. Using a structure function analysis, we demonstrate the existence in most objects of a maximum variability time scale…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 P. Favre , T. J. -L. Courvoisier , S. Paltani

We study the optical variability characteristics of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) from the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) AGN catalogue by utilising approximately five years of optical light curves from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-12 Vivek Kumar Jha , Debbijoy Bhattacharya , Hum Chand

We present the multi-wavelength and environmental properties of 37 variability-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs), including 30 low luminosity AGNs (LLAGNs), using a high cadence time-domain survey (ASAS-SN) from a spectroscopic sample…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-30 Heechan Yuk , Xinyu Dai , Marko Mićić

Changing-look (CL) Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), characterized by appearance/disappearance of broad emission lines in the span of a few years, present a challenge for the AGN unified model, whereby the Type 1 vs. Type 2 dichotomy results…

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are known for irregular variability on all time scales, down to intra-day variability with relative variations of a few percent within minutes to hours. On such short timescales, unexplored territory, such as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-11-27 Taeseok Lee , Sascha Trippe , Junghwan Oh , Do-Young Byun , Bong-Won Sohn , Sang-Sung Lee

Recent time-resolved spectral studies of a few Active Galactic Nuclei in hard X-rays revealed occultations of the X-ray primary source probably by Broad Line Region (BLR) clouds. An important open question on the structure of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 G. Torricelli-Ciamponi , P. Pietrini , G. Risaliti , M. Salvati

The origin of the observed time lags, in nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN), between hard and soft X-ray photons is investigated using new XMM-Newton data for the narrow-line Seyfert I galaxy Ark 564 and existing data for 1H0707-495 and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 E. Legg , L. Miller , T. J. Turner , M. Giustini , J. N. Reeves , S. B. Kraemer

Understanding the variability of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) requires coordinated, multi-wavelength observations that span the electromagnetic spectrum. In this work, we focus on data from four key observatories: Chandra in the X-ray (2-8 keV),…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-29 Gabriel Sasseville , Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo , Daryl Haggard , Alexandre Adam , Hadrien Paugnat , Gunther Witzel

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) have long been known to be variable, but the amplitude, timescale and nature of these changes can often differ dramatically from object to object. The richest source of information about the properties of AGN…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-07-14 Hartmut Winkler

Low Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei (LLAGNs) are contaminated by the light of their host galaxies, thus they cannot be detected by the usual colour techniques. For this reason their evolution in cosmic time is poorly known. Variability is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-02-09 F. Vagnetti , K. Boutsia , D. Trevese

INTEGRAL has made a very significant contribution to our understanding of the physics of AGN. We illustrate this progress by looking at the considerations that were made at the time of the selection of the INTEGRAL mission and discussing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-02-14 Thierry J. -L. Courvoisier

Many synoptic surveys are observing large parts of the sky multiple times. The resulting lightcurves provide a wonderful window to the dynamic nature of the universe. However, there are many significant challenges in analyzing these light…

Applications · Statistics 2016-02-04 Julian Faraway , Ashish Mahabal , Jiayang Sun , Xiaofeng Wang , Yi , Wang , Lingsong Zhang

The characteristic timescale ($\tau$) of continuum variability of the accretion disk in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is known to be related to the thermal timescale, which is predicted to scale with AGN luminosity ($L$) and restframe…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-26 Suyeon Son , Minjin Kim , Luis C. Ho

We present the results of a 2-epoch variability survey in the Hubble Deep Field with the goal of investigating the population of AGN to z=1. The primary data sets analyzed for galactic variability are the original HDF observations obtained…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Vicki L. Sarajedini , Ronald L. Gilliland , Christina Kasm

We use a sample of over 5000 active galactic nuclei (AGN) with extended morphologies at z<0.8 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to study the ensemble optical variability as a function of rest-frame time lag and AGN luminosity with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-10-01 Unai Gallastegui-Aizpun , Vicki L. Sarajedini

We study the optical variability of a sample of candidate low-mass (dwarf ang Seyfert) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using Zwicky Transient Facility g-band light curves. Our sample is compiled from broad-line AGNs in dwarf galaxies reported…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-11 Z. Franklin Wang , Colin J. Burke , Xin Liu , Yue Shen

The analysis of eight EXOSAT X-ray lightcurves of six active galactic nuclei by nonlinear prediction methods indicates that the observed short time-scale variability is truly stochastic and is not caused by deterministic chaos. This result…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 B. Czerny , H. J. Lehto

The origin of the optical flux variability in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is largely unknown. Previous studies have correlated features of the variability structure function (SF) with AGN properties, though they mostly involved…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-06 Ashley Hai Tung Tan , Christian Wolf , Neelesh Amrutha , Christopher A. Onken , John L. Tonry , Rachel Webster