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Measuring complex properties in quantum systems, such as measures of quantum entanglement and Bell nonlocality, is inherently challenging. Traditional methods, like quantum state tomography (QST), necessitate a full reconstruction of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Patrycja Tulewicz , Karol Bartkiewicz , Adam Miranowicz , Franco Nori

We propose a scheme by which two parties can secretely and simultaneously exchange messages. The scheme requires the two parties to share entanglement and both to perform Bell-state measurements. Only two out of the four Bell states are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Sung Soon Jang , Hai-Woong Lee

Quantum network protocols depend on the availability of shared entanglement. Given that entanglement generation and distribution are affected by noise, characterization of the shared entangled states is essential to bound the errors of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Noah Kaufmann , Maria Quadeer , David Elkouss

We propose a framework to analyze linear optical circuits based on an analogy with stabilizer formalism in quantum circuits, which provides efficiently computable formulas related to state discriminations. Hence, we analyze a Bell-state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Tomohiro Yamazaki , Rikizo Ikuta , Takashi Yamamoto

In a photonic realization of qubits the implementation of quantum logic is rather difficult due the extremely weak interaction on the few photon level. On the other hand, in these systems interference is available to process the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 John Calsamiglia , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Bell-state analysis is a considerable challenge and an essential requirement for reliable implementation of quantum communication proposals. An open question is the one for the maximal fraction of successful Bell measurements. It has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-04 Ling-Jun Kong , Yongnan Li , Yu Si , Rui Liu , Chenghou Tu , Hui-Tian Wang

Broadband multimode squeezers constitute a powerful quantum resource with promising potential for different applications in quantum information technologies such as information coding in quantum communication networks or quantum simulations…

Among the known resources of quantum metrology, one of the most practical and efficient is squeezing. Squeezed states of atoms and light improve the sensing of the phase, magnetic field, polarization, mechanical displacement. They promise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 Gaetano Frascella , Sascha Agne , Farid Ya. Khalili , Maria V. Chekhova

We develop a scheme for generating a universal qubit cluster state using probabilistic Bell measurements without the need for feed-forward or long-time quantum memories. Borrowing ideas from percolation theory we numerically show that using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-08 Hussain Zaidi , Chris Dawson , Peter van Loock , Terry Rudolph

Bell state measurements, in which two quantum bits are projected onto a maximally entangled state, are an essential component of quantum information science. We propose and experimentally demonstrate the projection of two quantum systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-31 A. Halevy , E. Megidish , T. Shacham , L. Dovrat , H. S. Eisenberg

We implement experimentally a deterministic method to prepare and measure so called single-photon two-qubit entangled states or single-photon Bell-states, in which the polarization and the spatial modes of a single-photon each represent a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yoon-Ho Kim

We theoretically investigate the distinguishability of a set of mutually orthogonal four-dimensional Bell states of photon system in path degree of freedom using only linear optics, resorting to the two-photon interference. With quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-23 Zhi Zeng

In this Letter, we present a cosmic Bell experiment with polarization-entangled photons, in which measurement settings were determined based on real-time measurements of the wavelength of photons from high-redshift quasars, whose light was…

By amplifying photonic qubits it is possible to produce states that contain enough photons to be seen with a human eye, potentially bringing quantum effects to macroscopic scales [1]. In this paper we theoretically study quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Pavel Sekatski , Bruno Sanguinetti , Enrico Pomarico , Nicolas Gisin , Christoph Simon

Bell state measurement (BSM) plays crucial roles in photonic quantum information processing. The standard linear optical BSM is based on Hong-Ou-Mandel interference where two photons meet and interfere at a beamsplitter (BS). However, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-20 Yong-Su Kim , Tanumoy Pramanik , Young-Wook Cho , Ming Yang , Sang-Wook Han , Sang-Yun Lee , Sung Moon

We present an in-depth analysis regarding the error resistance and optimization of our all-optical Bell measurement and ultrafast long-distance quantum communication scheme proposed in [arXiv:1503.06777]. In order to promote our previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-01 Fabian Ewert , Peter van Loock

We discuss a scheme in which sequential state-discrimination measurements are performed on qudits to determine the quantum state in which they were initially prepared. The qudits belong to a set of nonorthogonal quantum states and hence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Mark Hillery , Jihane Mimih

A linear 50/50 beamsplitter, together with a coincidence measurement, has been widely used in quantum optical experiments, such as teleportation, dense coding, etc., for interferometrically distinguishing, measuring, or projecting onto one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yoon-Ho Kim , Warren P. Grice

A device-independent dimension test for a Bell experiment aims to estimate the underlying Hilbert space dimension that is required to produce given measurement statistical data without any other assumptions concerning the quantum apparatus.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-25 Zhaohui Wei , Jamie Sikora

Quantum Bell nonlocality is an important quantum phenomenon. Recently, the shareability of Bell nonlocality under unilateral measurements has been widely studied. In this study, we consider the shareability of quantum Bell nonlocality under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-27 Tinggui Zhang , Qiming Luo , Xiaofen Huang