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Large Vision--Language Models (LVLMs) hold great promise for advancing optical remote sensing (RS) analysis, yet existing reasoning segmentation frameworks couple linguistic reasoning and pixel prediction through end-to-end supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Xu Zhang , Junyao Ge , Yang Zheng , Kaitai Guo , Jimin Liang

Large language models (LLMs) are incredible and versatile tools for text-based tasks that have enabled countless, previously unimaginable, applications. Retrieval models, in contrast, have not yet seen such capable general-purpose models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Julian Killingback , Hamed Zamani

Efficient multi-hop reasoning requires Large Language Models (LLMs) based agents to acquire high-value external knowledge iteratively. Previous work has explored reinforcement learning (RL) to train LLMs to perform search-based document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ziliang Wang , Xuhui Zheng , Kang An , Cijun Ouyang , Jialu Cai , Yuhang Wang , Yichao Wu

Traditional retrieval methods have been essential for assessing document similarity but struggle with capturing semantic nuances. Despite advancements in latent semantic analysis (LSA) and deep learning, achieving comprehensive semantic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Solmaz Seyed Monir , Irene Lau , Shubing Yang , Dongfang Zhao

Search plays a fundamental role in problem-solving across various domains, with most real-world decision-making problems being solvable through systematic search. Drawing inspiration from recent discussions on search and learning, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Minhua Lin , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Jingying Zeng , Zhenwei Dai , Chen Luo , Zheng Li , Xiang Zhang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

Interactive theorem provers (ITPs) require manual formalization, which is labor-intensive and demands expert knowledge. While automated formalization offers a potential solution, it faces two major challenges: model hallucination (e.g.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Wangyue Lu , Lun Du , Sirui Li , Ke Weng , Haozhe Sun , Hengyu Liu , Minghe Yu , Tiancheng Zhang , Ge Yu

Inductive program synthesis, or programming by example, requires synthesizing functions from input-output examples that generalize to unseen inputs. While large language model agents have shown promise in programming tasks guided by natural…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Anjiang Wei , Tarun Suresh , Jiannan Cao , Naveen Kannan , Yuheng Wu , Kai Yan , Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken

Core knowledge about physical objects -- e.g., their permanency, spatial transformations, and interactions -- is one of the most fundamental building blocks of biological intelligence across humans and non-human animals. While AI techniques…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 James Ainooson , Deepayan Sanyal , Joel P. Michelson , Yuan Yang , Maithilee Kunda

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in scientific domains. While they can produce reasoning-like content via methods such as chain-of-thought prompting, these outputs are typically unstructured and informal, obscuring whether…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Pengze Li , Jiaqi Liu , Junchi Yu , Lihao Liu , Mingyu Ding , Wanli Ouyang , Shixiang Tang , Xi Chen

Effective information searching is essential for enhancing the reasoning and generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recent research has explored using reinforcement learning (RL) to improve LLMs' search capabilities by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hao Sun , Zile Qiao , Jiayan Guo , Xuanbo Fan , Yingyan Hou , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Yan Zhang , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

The performance of image generation has been significantly improved in recent years. However, the study of image screening is rare and its performance with Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is unsatisfactory due to the lack of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zhiyuan Hu , Zheng Sun , Yi Wei , Long Yu

Existing Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown the potential of reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance the complex reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models~(LLMs). While they achieve remarkable performance on challenging tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Huatong Song , Jinhao Jiang , Yingqian Min , Jie Chen , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Lei Fang , Ji-Rong Wen

Recent deep research agents primarily improve performance by scaling reasoning depth, but this leads to high inference cost and latency in search-intensive scenarios. Moreover, generalization across heterogeneous research settings remains…

This paper introduces ConceptMath, a bilingual (English and Chinese), fine-grained benchmark that evaluates concept-wise mathematical reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs). Unlike traditional benchmarks that evaluate general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yanan Wu , Jie Liu , Xingyuan Bu , Jiaheng Liu , Zhanhui Zhou , Yuanxing Zhang , Chenchen Zhang , Zhiqi Bai , Haibin Chen , Tiezheng Ge , Wanli Ouyang , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

Large Language Model (LLM) agents tackle data-intensive tasks such as deep research and code generation. However, their effectiveness depends on frequent interactions with knowledge sources across remote clouds or regions. Such interactions…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Chaoyi Ruan , Chao Bi , Kaiwen Zheng , Ziji Shi , Xinyi Wan , Jialin Li

Reasoning-augmented search agents such as Search-R1, trained via reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), demonstrate remarkable capabilities in multi-step information retrieval from external knowledge sources. These agents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Shu Zhao , Tan Yu , Anbang Xu , Japinder Singh , Aaditya Shukla , Rama Akkiraju

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed how people interact with artificial intelligence (AI) systems, achieving state-of-the-art results in various tasks, including scientific discovery and hypothesis generation. However, the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Sikun Guo , Amir Hassan Shariatmadari , Guangzhi Xiong , Albert Huang , Eric Xie , Stefan Bekiranov , Aidong Zhang

The art of heuristic design has traditionally been a human pursuit. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code for search heuristics, their application has largely been confined to adjusting simple functions within human-crafted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Guorui Quan , Mingfei Sun , Manuel López-Ibáñez

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive progress on vision language benchmarks, yet their capacity for visual cognitive and visuospatial reasoning remains less understood. We introduce "Mind's Eye", a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Rohit Sinha , Aditya Kanade , Sai Srinivas Kancheti , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , Tanuja Ganu