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Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) provide alternative communication methods for individuals with motor disabilities by allowing control and interaction with external devices. Non-invasive BCIs, especially those using electroencephalography…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Aline Xavier Fidêncio , Felix Grün , Christian Klaes , Ioannis Iossifidis

The electroencephalogram (EEG) is the most popular form of input for brain computer interfaces (BCIs). However, it can be easily contaminated by various artifacts and noise, e.g., eye blink, muscle activities, powerline noise, etc.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-21 He He , Dongrui Wu

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology facilitates direct communication between the human brain and external devices, representing a substantial advancement in human-machine interaction. This review provides an in-depth analysis of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yifan Wang , Cheng Jiang , Chenzhong Li

Brain--computer interfaces are groundbreaking technology whereby brain signals are used to control external devices. Despite some advances in recent years, electroencephalogram (EEG)-based motor-imagery tasks face challenges, such as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jianchao Lu , Yuzhe Tian , Yang Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng , Xi Zheng

Brain--computer interfaces are groundbreaking technology whereby brain signals are used to control external devices. Despite some advances in recent years, electroencephalogram (EEG)-based motor-imagery tasks face challenges, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jianchao Lu , Yuzhe Tian , Yang Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng , Xi Zheng

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer transformative potential, but decoding neural signals presents significant challenges. The core premise of this paper is built around demonstrating methods to elucidate the underlying low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Benjamin J. Choi

Martinovic et al. proposed a Brain-Computer-Interface (BCI) -based attack in which an adversary is able to infer private information about a user, such as their bank or area-of-living, by analyzing the user's brain activities. However, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Mario Frank , Tiffany Hwu , Sakshi Jain , Robert Knight , Ivan Martinovic , Prateek Mittal , Daniele Perito , Dawn Song

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) constitute a promising tool for communication and control. However, mastering non-invasive closed-loop systems remains a learned skill that is difficult to develop for a non-negligible proportion of users.…

Nowadays, the possibility to run advanced AI on embedded systems allows natural interaction between humans and machines, especially in the automotive field. We present a custom portable EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) that exploits…

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), particularly the P300 BCI, facilitate direct communication between the brain and computers. The fundamental statistical problem in P300 BCIs lies in classifying target and non-target stimuli based on…

Applications · Statistics 2024-02-16 Bangyao Zhao , Jane E. Huggins , Jian Kang

Over recent decades, neuroimaging tools, particularly electroencephalography (EEG), have revolutionized our understanding of the brain and its functions. EEG is extensively used in traditional brain-computer interface (BCI) systems due to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-12 Zaineb Ajra , Binbin Xu , Gérard Dray , Jacky Montmain , Stéphane Perrey

Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) offer a safe and accessible means of connecting the human brain to external devices, with broad applications in home and clinical settings to enhance human capabilities. However, the high noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Jiamin Wu , Zichen Ren , Junyu Wang , Pengyu Zhu , Yonghao Song , Mianxin Liu , Qihao Zheng , Lei Bai , Wanli Ouyang , Chunfeng Song

The ageing process may lead to cognitive and physical impairments, which may affect elderly everyday life. In recent years, the use of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) based on Electroencephalography (EEG) has revealed to be particularly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-28 Aurora Saibene , Francesca Gasparini , Jordi Solé-Casals

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are moving rapidly from laboratory research into clinical, edge, and real-world settings. Under ISO/IEC 8663:2025, a BCI is a direct communication link between central nervous system activity and external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Lei Sun , Xiuqing Mao , Shuai Zhang , Qingyu Zeng , Min Zhao , Jiyuan Li , Wenle Dong

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) technologies have the potential to improve the lives of millions of people around the world, whether through assistive technologies or clinical diagnostic tools. Despite advancements in the field, however, at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chad Mello , Troy Weingart , Ethan M. Rudd

The integration of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) into the realm of smart wheelchair (SW) technology signifies a notable leap forward in enhancing the mobility and autonomy of individuals with physical disabilities. BCIs are a technology…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Shiva Ghasemi , Denis Gracanin , Mohammad Azab

A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a technology that enables direct communication between the brain and an external device or computer system. It allows individuals to interact with the device using only their thoughts, and holds immense…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Xin Zhou , Botao Hao , Jian Kang , Tor Lattimore , Lexin Li

This study introduces a pioneering approach in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, featuring our novel concept of complex visual imagery for non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG)-based communication. Complex visual imagery, as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Byoung-Hee Kwon

We introduce a novel auditory brain-computer interface (BCI) paradigm, Auditory Intention Decoding (AID), designed to enhance communication capabilities within the brain-AI interface (BAI) system EEGChat. AID enables users to select among…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Michal Robert Žák , Moritz Grosse-Wentrup

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face significant deployment challenges due to inter-subject variability, signal non-stationarity, and computational constraints. While test-time adaptation (TTA) mitigates…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Siyang Li , Jiayi Ouyang , Zhenyao Cui , Ziwei Wang , Tianwang Jia , Feng Wan , Dongrui Wu