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Recent years have seen a huge development in spatial modelling and prediction methodology, driven by the increased availability of remote-sensing data and the reduced cost of distributed-processing technology. It is well known that…

Computation · Statistics 2020-02-18 Andrew Zammit-Mangion , Jonathan Rougier

Model uncertainty and limited data are fundamental challenges to robust management of human intervention in a natural system. These challenges are acutely highlighted by concerns that many ecological systems may contain tipping points, such…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2014-12-30 Carl Boettiger , Marc Mangel , Stephan Munch

Lagrangian particle methods based on detailed atomic and molecular models are powerful computational tools for studying the dynamics of microscale and nanoscale systems. However, the maximum time step is limited by the smallest oscillation…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-06-26 Ansel L. Blumers , Zhen Li , George Em Karniadakis

We introduce a scalable approach to Gaussian process inference that combines spatio-temporal filtering with natural gradient variational inference, resulting in a non-conjugate GP method for multivariate data that scales linearly with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Oliver Hamelijnck , William J. Wilkinson , Niki A. Loppi , Arno Solin , Theodoros Damoulas

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and related technologies have generated substantial interest among statisticians with regard to scalable methodologies for analyzing large spatial datasets. A variety of scalable spatial process models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-10 Sudipto Banerjee

Nonstationary Gaussian process models can capture complex spatially varying dependence structures in spatial datasets. However, the large number of observations in modern datasets makes fitting such models computationally intractable with…

Computation · Statistics 2022-06-13 Paul G. Beckman , Christopher J. Geoga , Michael L. Stein , Mihai Anitescu

Gaussian Processes (GPs) can be used as flexible, non-parametric function priors. Inspired by the growing body of work on Normalizing Flows, we enlarge this class of priors through a parametric invertible transformation that can be made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Juan Maroñas , Oliver Hamelijnck , Jeremias Knoblauch , Theodoros Damoulas

Gaussian Processes (GPs) provide a flexible and statistically principled foundation for modelling spatiotemporal phenomena, but their $O(N^3)$ scaling makes them intractable for large datasets. Approximate methods such as variational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-01 Jhonathan Navott , Daniel Jenson , Seth Flaxman , Elizaveta Semenova

Fitting statistical models to spatiotemporal data requires finding the right balance between imposing smoothness and following the data. In the context of p-splines, we propose a Bayesian framework for choosing the smoothing parameter which…

Applications · Statistics 2013-10-30 A. W. Bowman , L. Evers , D. Molinari , W. R. Jones , M. J. Spence

Shallow water equations are the foundation of most models for flooding and river hydraulics analysis. These physics-based models are usually expensive and slow to run, thus not suitable for real-time prediction or parameter inversion. An…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-12-22 Yalan Song , Chaopeng Shen , Xiaofeng Liu

Scalable Gaussian process (GP) inference is essential for sequential decision-making tasks, yet improving GP scalability remains a challenging problem with many open avenues of research. This paper focuses on iterative GPs, where iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Alan Yufei Dong , Jihao Andreas Lin , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Spatiotemporal datasets, which consist of spatially-referenced time series, are ubiquitous in diverse applications, such as air pollution monitoring, disease tracking, and cloud-demand forecasting. As the scale of modern datasets increases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Feras Saad , Jacob Burnim , Colin Carroll , Brian Patton , Urs Köster , Rif A. Saurous , Matthew Hoffman

Gaussian processes (GPs) are important probabilistic tools for inference and learning in spatio-temporal modelling problems such as those in climate science and epidemiology. However, existing GP approximations do not simultaneously support…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Will Tebbutt , Arno Solin , Richard E. Turner

We present a novel forecasting framework for lake water temperature, which is crucial for managing lake ecosystems and drinking water resources. The General Lake Model (GLM) has been previously used for this purpose, but, similar to many…

Accurate lake temperature estimation is essential for numerous problems tackled in both hydrological and ecological domains. Nowadays physical models are developed to estimate lake dynamics; however, computations needed for accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Michael Stalder , Firat Ozdemir , Artur Safin , Jonas Sukys , Damien Bouffard , Fernando Perez-Cruz

We introduce a scalable Gaussian process (GP) framework with deep product kernels for data-driven learning of parametrized spatio-temporal fields over fixed or parameter-dependent domains. The proposed framework learns a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Srinath Dama , Prasanth B. Nair

We study maximum likelihood estimation for spatial generalized linear mixed models with Gaussian process approximations using a stochastic Newton-Raphson algorithm. We consider two Gaussian Process approximations in this context: spectral…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Samuel I. Watson , Yixin Wang , Emanuele Giorgi

The Gaussian process (GP) is a widely used probabilistic machine learning method with implicit uncertainty characterization for stochastic function approximation, stochastic modeling, and analyzing real-world measurements of nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-14 Mark D. Risser , Marcus M. Noack , Hengrui Luo , Ronald Pandolfi

Deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) are multi-layer hierarchical generalisations of Gaussian processes (GPs) and are formally equivalent to neural networks with multiple, infinitely wide hidden layers. DGPs are probabilistic and non-parametric…

Observations of groundwater pollutants, such as arsenic or Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), are riddled with left censoring. These measurements have impact on the health and lifestyle of the populace. Left censoring of these spatially…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-04 Indranil Sahoo , Suman Majumder , Arnab Hazra , Ana G. Rappold , Dipankar Bandyopadhyay