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Thermodynamics establishes that information acquired through measurement can be converted into work, as exemplified by Maxwell's demon and Szilard engines. Most experimental realizations of information engines, however, implicitly assume…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-09 Lokesh Muruga , Felix Ginot , Sarah A. M. Loos , Clemens Bechinger

Inspired by the primary goal of quantum thermodynamics -- to characterize quantum signatures and leverage their benefits in thermodynamic scenarios -- , we design a work extraction game within a bipartite framework that exhibits a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Tanmoy Biswas , Chandan Datta , Luis Pedro García-Pintos

Efficiency and power are two central measures of the performance of thermal machines. We here study the power-efficiency-stability trade-off in a finite-time quantum Carnot information engine, in which an information reservoir replaces the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Milton Aguilar , Cüneyt Ünal , Eric Lutz

Transferring a physical system from an initial to a final state while minimizing energetic losses is an interdisciplinary control problem that bridges stochastic thermodynamics and optimal transport theory. Recent research typically…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-23 Jann van der Meer , Andreas Dechant

By considering level shifting during the insertion process we revisit the quantum Szilard engine (QSZE) with fully quantum consideration. We derive the general expressions of the heat absorbed from thermal bath and the total work done to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Hai Li , Jian Zou , Jun-Gang Li , Bin Shao , Lian-Ao Wu

Aiming to explore physical limits of wind turbines, we develop a model for determining the work extractable from a compressible fluid flow. The model employs conservation of mass, energy and entropy and leads to a universal bound for the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-08-12 A. E. Allahverdyan

A short introduction on quantum thermodynamics is given and three new topics are discussed: 1) Maximal work extraction from a finite quantum system. The thermodynamic prediction fails and a new, general result is derived, the ``ergotropy''.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. E. Allahverdyan , R. Balian , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

Designing a miniature microscale engine that can override the role of thermal fluctuations has remained elusive and is an important open challenge. Here we provide the design and theoretical framework for a unique information-based engine -…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Suraj Deshmukh , Sougata Guha , Basudha Roy , Shivprasad Patil , Arnab Saha , Sudipto Muhuri

We propose a theoretical model for a colloidal heat engine driven by a feedback protocol that is able to fully convert the net heat absorbed by the hot bath into extracted work. The feedback protocol, inspired by gambling strategies,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-27 Tarek Tohme , Valentina Bedoya , Costantino di Bello , Léa Bresque , Gonzalo Manzano , Édgar Roldán

We consider two modifications of a recently proposed three-terminal quantum dot heat engine. First, we investigate the necessity of the thermalization assumption, namely that electrons are always thermalized by inelastic processes when…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-19 Christian H. Schiegg , Michael Dzierzawa , Ulrich Eckern

The question of whether quantum coherence is a resource beneficial or detrimental to the performance of quantum heat engines has been thoroughly studied but remains undecided. To isolate the contribution of coherence, we analyze the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-01 Stefan Aimet , Hyukjoon Kwon

We derive an efficiency bound for continuous quantum heat engines absorbing heat from squeezed thermal reservoirs. Our approach relies on a full-counting statistics description of nonequilibrium transport and it is not limited to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-02-05 Bijay Kumar Agarwalla , Jian-Hua Jiang , Dvira Segal

The efficiency of an heat engine is traditionally defined as the ratio of its average output work over its average input heat. Its highest possible value was discovered by Carnot in 1824 and is a cornerstone concept in thermodynamics. It…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-19 Gatien Verley , Tim Willaert , Christian Van den Broeck , Massimiliano Esposito

Szilard engine(SZE) is one of the best example of how information can be used to extract work from a system. Initially, the working substance of SZE was considered to be a single particle. Later on, researchers has extended the studies of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-01-26 P. S. Pal , A. M. Jayannavar

In the near future, a major challenge in quantum computing is to scale up robust qubit prototypes to practical problem sizes and to implement comprehensive error correction for computational precision. Due to inevitable quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Joni Ikonen , Juha Salmilehto , Mikko Möttönen

We investigate the limits on cooling and work extraction via Markovian thermal processes assisted by a finite-dimensional memory. Here the memory is a $d$-dimensional quantum system with trivial Hamiltonian and initially in a maximally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-27 Yuancheng Liu , Xueyuan Hu

We study the behavior of a single spin in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field utilizing Glauber dynamics. We engineer the system to function as an engine by changing the magnetic field according to specific protocols.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-16 Rita Majumdar , Monojit Chatterjee , Rahul Marathe

A central goal of thermodynamics is to identify optimal processes during which the least amount of energy is dissipated into the environment. Generally, even for simple systems, such as the parametric harmonic oscillator, optimal control…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-10-11 Marcus V. S. Bonança , Sebastian Deffner

We put forth a notion of optimality for extracting ergotropic work, derived from an energy constraint governing the necessary dynamics for work extraction in a quantum system. Within the traditional ergotropy framework, which predicts an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-12 Pritam Halder , Srijon Ghosh , Saptarshi Roy , Tamal Guha

Alternative computing paradigms open the door to exploiting recent innovations in computational hardware to probe the fundamental thermodynamic limits of information processing. One such paradigm employs superconducting quantum interference…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-07-03 Christian Z. Pratt , Kyle J. Ray , James P. Crutchfield