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Existing text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models usually struggle in interpreting complex prompts, especially those with quantity, object-attribute binding, and multi-subject descriptions. In this work, we introduce a semantic panel as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Yutong Feng , Biao Gong , Di Chen , Yujun Shen , Yu Liu , Jingren Zhou

Recently, various types of Text-to-Image (T2I) models have emerged (such as DALL-E and Stable Diffusion), and showing their advantages in different aspects. Therefore, some third-party service platforms collect different model interfaces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Ji Guo , Wenbo Jiang , Rui Zhang , Guoming Lu , Hongwei Li

Recent advances in generative AI have enabled visual content creation through text-to-image (T2I) generation. However, despite their creative potential, T2I models often replicate and amplify societal stereotypes -- particularly those…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Saharsh Barve , Andy Mao , Jiayue Melissa Shi , Prerna Juneja , Koustuv Saha

Text-to-image (T2I) generative diffusion models have demonstrated outstanding performance in synthesizing diverse, high-quality visuals from text captions. Several layout-to-image models have been developed to control the generation process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Ahmad Süleyman , Göksel Biricik

One challenge in text-to-image (T2I) generation is the inadvertent reflection of culture gaps present in the training data, which signifies the disparity in generated image quality when the cultural elements of the input text are rarely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Bingshuai Liu , Longyue Wang , Chenyang Lyu , Yong Zhang , Jinsong Su , Shuming Shi , Zhaopeng Tu

Text-to-image (T2I) models have rapidly advanced, enabling the generation of high-quality images from text prompts across various domains. However, these models present notable safety concerns, including the risk of generating harmful,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Lijun Li , Zhelun Shi , Xuhao Hu , Bowen Dong , Yiran Qin , Xihui Liu , Lu Sheng , Jing Shao

Multimodal text-to-image generation remains constrained by the difficulty of maintaining semantic alignment and professional-level detail across diverse visual domains. We propose a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jiabao Shi , Minfeng Qi , Lefeng Zhang , Di Wang , Yingjie Zhao , Ziying Li , Yalong Xing , Ningran Li

We provide a new multi-task benchmark for evaluating text-to-image models. We perform a human evaluation comparing the most common open-source (Stable Diffusion) and commercial (DALL-E 2) models. Twenty computer science AI graduate students…

Although text-to-image (T2I) models have recently thrived as visual generative priors, their reliance on high-quality text-image pairs makes scaling up expensive. We argue that grasping the cross-modality alignment is not a necessity for a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shuailei Ma , Kecheng Zheng , Ying Wei , Wei Wu , Fan Lu , Yifei Zhang , Chen-Wei Xie , Biao Gong , Jiapeng Zhu , Yujun Shen

Recent advancements in generative AI have made text-guided image inpainting - adding, removing, or altering image regions using textual prompts - widely accessible. However, generating semantically correct photorealistic imagery, typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Paschalis Giakoumoglou , Dimitrios Karageorgiou , Symeon Papadopoulos , Panagiotis C. Petrantonakis

Natural language often contains ambiguities that can lead to misinterpretation and miscommunication. While humans can handle ambiguities effectively by asking clarifying questions and/or relying on contextual cues and common-sense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Ninareh Mehrabi , Palash Goyal , Apurv Verma , Jwala Dhamala , Varun Kumar , Qian Hu , Kai-Wei Chang , Richard Zemel , Aram Galstyan , Rahul Gupta

Text-to-image generation models that generate images based on prompt descriptions have attracted an increasing amount of attention during the past few months. Despite their encouraging performance, these models raise concerns about the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Zeyang Sha , Zheng Li , Ning Yu , Yang Zhang

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have made remarkable progress in generating images from text prompts, but their output quality and safety still depend heavily on how prompts are phrased. Existing safety methods typically refine prompts using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jinwoo Jeon , JunHyeok Oh , Hayeong Lee , Byung-Jun Lee

Recent video generation models have revealed the emergence of Chain-of-Frame (CoF) reasoning, enabling frame-by-frame visual inference. With this capability, video models have been successfully applied to various visual tasks (e.g., maze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Chengzhuo Tong , Mingkun Chang , Shenglong Zhang , Yuran Wang , Cheng Liang , Zhizheng Zhao , Ruichuan An , Bohan Zeng , Yang Shi , Yifan Dai , Ziming Zhao , Guanbin Li , Pengfei Wan , Yuanxing Zhang , Wentao Zhang

Diffusion-driven text-to-image (T2I) generation has achieved remarkable advancements in recent years. To further improve T2I models' capability in numerical and spatial reasoning, layout is employed as an intermedium to bridge large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yuhao Jia , Wenhan Tan

Unified multimodal generation architectures that jointly produce text and images have recently emerged as a promising direction for text-to-image (T2I) synthesis. However, many existing systems rely on explicit modality switching,…

Generative text-to-image models have gained great popularity among the public for their powerful capability to generate high-quality images based on natural language prompts. However, developing effective prompts for desired images can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yingchaojie Feng , Xingbo Wang , Kam Kwai Wong , Sijia Wang , Yuhong Lu , Minfeng Zhu , Baicheng Wang , Wei Chen

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models lack an efficient mechanism for early quality assessment, leading to costly trial-and-error in multi-generation scenarios such as prompt iteration, agent-based generation, and flow-grpo. We reveal a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Benlei Cui , Bukun Huang , Zhizeng Ye , Xuemei Dong , Tuo Chen , Hui Xue , Dingkang Yang , Longtao Huang , Jingqun Tang , Haiwen Hong

The increasing ubiquity of text-to-image (T2I) models as tools for visual content generation raises concerns about their ability to accurately represent diverse cultural contexts -- where missed cues can stereotype communities and undermine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shravan Nayak , Mehar Bhatia , Xiaofeng Zhang , Verena Rieser , Lisa Anne Hendricks , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Yash Goyal , Karolina Stańczak , Aishwarya Agrawal

Text-to-image (T2I) models have become prevalent across numerous applications, making their robust evaluation against adversarial attacks a critical priority. Continuous access to new and challenging adversarial prompts across diverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Jessica Quaye , Charvi Rastogi , Alicia Parrish , Oana Inel , Minsuk Kahng , Lora Aroyo , Vijay Janapa Reddi