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Executing machine learning workloads locally on resource constrained microcontrollers (MCUs) promises to drastically expand the application space of IoT. However, so-called TinyML presents severe technical challenges, as deep neural network…

Recent advancements in machine learning (ML) have enabled its deployment on resource-constrained edge devices, fostering innovative applications such as intelligent environmental sensing. However, these devices, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yi Hu , Jinhang Zuo , Eddie Zhang , Bob Iannucci , Carlee Joe-Wong

Larger Spiking Neural Network (SNN) models are typically favorable as they can offer higher accuracy. However, employing such models on the resource- and energy-constrained embedded platforms is inefficient. Towards this, we present a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Muhammad Shafique

Printed electronics have gained significant traction in recent years, presenting a viable path to integrating computing into everyday items, from disposable products to low-cost healthcare. However, the adoption of computing in these…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Panagiotis Chaidos , Giorgos Armeniakos , Sotirios Xydis , Dimitrios Soudris

Printed electronics offer a promising alternative for applications beyond silicon-based systems, requiring properties like flexibility, stretchability, conformality, and ultra-low fabrication costs. Despite the large feature sizes in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Vojtech Mrazek , Konstantinos Balaskas , Paula Carolina Lozano Duarte , Zdenek Vasicek , Mehdi B. Tahoori , Georgios Zervakis

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) compute in an event-based matter to achieve a more efficient computation than standard Neural Networks. In SNNs, neuronal outputs (i.e. activations) are not encoded with real-valued activations but with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jan Sommer , M. Akif Özkan , Oliver Keszocze , Jürgen Teich

In this current technological world, the application of machine learning is becoming ubiquitous. Incorporating machine learning algorithms on extremely low-power and inexpensive embedded devices at the edge level is now possible due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Harsha Yelchuri , Rashmi R

The rapid growth of microcontroller-based IoT devices has opened up numerous applications, from smart manufacturing to personalized healthcare. Despite the widespread adoption of energy-efficient microcontroller units (MCUs) in the Tiny…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Giorgos Armeniakos , Georgios Mentzos , Dimitrios Soudris

Running deep neural networks (DNNs) on tiny Micro-controller Units (MCUs) is challenging due to their limitations in computing, memory, and storage capacity. Fortunately, recent advances in both MCU hardware and machine learning software…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Michael Bechtel , QiTao Weng , Heechul Yun

The paradigm shift towards local and on-device inference under stringent resource constraints is represented by the tiny machine learning (TinyML) domain. The primary goal of TinyML is to integrate intelligence into tiny, low-cost devices…

Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) is an upsurging research field that proposes to democratize the use of Machine Learning and Deep Learning on highly energy-efficient frugal Microcontroller Units. Considering the general assumption that TinyML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Visal Rajapakse , Ishan Karunanayake , Nadeem Ahmed

In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine learning (ML) have gained significant interest from both, industry and academia. Notably, conventional ML techniques require enormous amounts of power to meet the desired accuracy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Rakhee Kallimani , Krishna Pai , Prasoon Raghuwanshi , Sridhar Iyer , Onel L. A. López

Nowadays, Neural Networks represent a major expectation for the realization of powerful Deep Learning algorithms, which can determine several physical systems' behaviors and operations. Computational resources required for model, training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Giulia Crocioni , Giambattista Gruosso , Danilo Pau , Davide Denaro , Luigi Zambrano , Giuseppe di Giore

Spiking neural networks (SNN) provide a new computational paradigm capable of highly parallelized, real-time processing. Photonic devices are ideal for the design of high-bandwidth, parallel architectures matching the SNN computational…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Luis El Srouji , Yun-Jhu Lee , Mehmet Berkay On , Li Zhang , S. J. Ben Yoo

Recent advances in state-of-the-art ultra-low power embedded devices for machine learning (ML) have permitted a new class of products whose key features enable ML capabilities on microcontrollers with less than 1 mW power consumption…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Anas Osman , Usman Abid , Luca Gemma , Matteo Perotto , Davide Brunelli

Temporal Neural Networks (TNNs) are spiking neural networks that exhibit brain-like sensory processing with high energy efficiency. This work presents the ongoing research towards developing a custom design framework for designing efficient…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Prabhu Vellaisamy , John Paul Shen

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) represent a promising approach to developing artificial neural networks that are both energy-efficient and biologically plausible. However, applying SNNs to sequential tasks, such as text classification and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Changze Lv , Dongqi Han , Yansen Wang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang , Dongsheng Li

Inspired by the connectivity mechanisms in the brain, neuromorphic computing architectures model Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) in silicon. As such, neuromorphic architectures are designed and developed with the goal of having small, low…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Mihaela Dimovska , Travis Johnston , Catherine D. Schuman , J. Parker Mitchell , Thomas E. Potok

Temporal Neural Networks (TNNs), inspired from the mammalian neocortex, exhibit energy-efficient online sensory processing capabilities. Recent works have proposed a microarchitecture framework for implementing TNNs and demonstrated…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Harideep Nair , Prabhu Vellaisamy , Santha Bhasuthkar , John Paul Shen

DTMM is a library designed for efficient deployment and execution of machine learning models on weak IoT devices such as microcontroller units (MCUs). The motivation for designing DTMM comes from the emerging field of tiny machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Lixiang Han , Zhen Xiao , Zhenjiang Li