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Related papers: Normalizing Flows are Capable Generative Models

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Iterative Gaussianization is a fixed-point iteration procedure that can transform any continuous random vector into a Gaussian one. Based on iterative Gaussianization, we propose a new type of normalizing flow model that enables both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Chenlin Meng , Yang Song , Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

Normalizing flows are deep generative models that enable efficient likelihood estimation and sampling through invertible transformations. A key challenge is to design linear layers that enhance expressiveness while maintaining efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xuchen Feng , Siyu Liao

A normalizing flow models a complex probability density as an invertible transformation of a simple base density. Flows based on either coupling or autoregressive transforms both offer exact density evaluation and sampling, but rely on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-03 Conor Durkan , Artur Bekasov , Iain Murray , George Papamakarios

This paper introduces temporal-conditioned normalizing flows (tcNF), a novel framework that addresses anomaly detection in time series data with accurate modeling of temporal dependencies and uncertainty. By conditioning normalizing flows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 David Baumgartner , Helge Langseth , Kenth Engø-Monsen , Heri Ramampiaro

The ability to embed watermarks in images is a fundamental problem of interest for computer vision, and is exacerbated by the rapid rise of generated imagery in recent times. Current state-of-the-art techniques suffer from computational and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-17 Vinay Shukla , Prachee Sharma , Ryan Rossi , Sungchul Kim , Tong Yu , Aditya Grover

Normalizing flows (NF) are a class of powerful generative models that have gained popularity in recent years due to their ability to model complex distributions with high flexibility and expressiveness. In this work, we introduce a new type…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jonas Köhler , Michele Invernizzi , Pim de Haan , Frank Noé

Normalizing flows (NFs) provide exact likelihoods and deterministic invertible sampling, but have historically lagged behind diffusion models for large-scale image generation. We identify a key obstacle: NFs are required to learn a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Longtao Jiang , Jianmin Bao , Zhendong Wang , Xin Tao , Pengfei Wan , Zhihui Li , Xiaojun Chang

Normalising flows are tractable probabilistic models that leverage the power of deep learning to describe a wide parametric family of distributions, all while remaining trainable using maximum likelihood. We discuss how these methods can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Simon Alexanderson , Gustav Eje Henter

Nonstationary spatial processes can often be represented as stationary processes on a warped spatial domain. Selecting an appropriate spatial warping function for a given application is often difficult and, as a result of this, warping…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-20 Pratik Nag , Andrew Zammit-Mangion , Ying Sun

Energy-based models (EBMs) are versatile density estimation models that directly parameterize an unnormalized log density. Although very flexible, EBMs lack a specified normalization constant of the model, making the likelihood of the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Louis Grenioux , Éric Moulines , Marylou Gabrié

Normalizing flows (NF) recently gained attention as a way to construct generative networks with exact likelihood calculation out of composable layers. However, NF is restricted to dimension-preserving transformations. Surjection VAE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Paul M. Baggenstoss , Felix Govaers

Normalizing flows are a class of deep generative models that provide a promising route to sample lattice field theories more efficiently than conventional Monte Carlo simulations. In this work we show that the theoretical framework of…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-07-07 Michele Caselle , Elia Cellini , Alessandro Nada , Marco Panero

Causal inconsistency arises when the underlying causal graphs captured by generative models like \textit{Normalizing Flows} (NFs) are inconsistent with those specified in causal models like \textit{Struct Causal Models} (SCMs). This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Qingyang Zhou , Kangjie Lu , Meng Xu

Normalizing flows are bijective mappings between inputs and latent representations with a fully factorized distribution. They are very attractive due to exact likelihood valuation and efficient sampling. However, their effective capacity is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Matej Grcić , Ivan Grubišić , Siniša Šegvić

Time series data is ubiquitous, with forecasting applications spanning from finance to healthcare. Beyond popular deterministic methods, generative models are gaining attention due to advancements in areas like image synthesis and video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jiawen Wei , Lan Jiang , Pengbo Wei , Ziwen Ye , Teng Song , Chen Chen , Guangrui Ma

Existing graph generative models often face a critical trade-off between sample quality and generation speed. We introduce Autoregressive Noisy Filtration Modeling (ANFM), a flexible autoregressive framework that addresses both challenges.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Markus Krimmel , Jenna Wiens , Karsten Borgwardt , Dexiong Chen

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) are \emph{discriminative models} that directly model the class posterior $p(y|\mathbf{x})$ for semi-supervised classification of graph data. While being effective, as a representation learning approach,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Tianchun Wang , Farzaneh Mirzazadeh , Xiang Zhang , Jie Chen

Normalizing flows are an essential alternative to GANs for generative modelling, which can be optimized directly on the maximum likelihood of the dataset. They also allow computation of the exact latent vector corresponding to an image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Sandeep Nagar , Marius Dufraisse , Girish Varma

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) are a generative method for learning probability distributions, which is based on ordinary differential equations. This method has shown remarkable empirical success across various applications, including…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-02 Yuan Gao , Jian Huang , Yuling Jiao , Shurong Zheng

The field of general-purpose robotics has recently embraced powerful probabilistic diffusion-based models to learn the complex embodiment behaviours. However, existing models often come with significant trade-offs, namely high computational…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jialong Li , Simon Kristoffersson Lind , Wenrui Xie , Maj Stenmark , Volker Krüger