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The number of comparisons X_n used by Quicksort to sort an array of n distinct numbers has mean mu_n of order n log n and standard deviation of order n. Using different methods, Regnier and Roesler each showed that the normalized variate…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 James Allen Fill , Svante Janson

For any integers $d, n \geq 2$ and $1/({\min\{n,d\}})^{0.4999} < \varepsilon<1$, we show the existence of a set of $n$ vectors $X\subset \mathbb{R}^d$ such that any embedding $f:X\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^m$ satisfying $$ \forall x,y\in X,\…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-10 Kasper Green Larsen , Jelani Nelson

Let $\gamma(S_n)$ be the minimum number of proper subgroups $H_i$ of the symmetric group $S_n$ such that each element in $S_n$ lies in some conjugate of one of the $H_i.$ In this paper we conjecture that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-11 Daniela Bubboloni , Cheryl E. Praeger , Pablo Spiga

Let $\mathcal{S}$ be the set of all positive-definite, symmetrizable integer matrices with non-zero upper and lower diagonal and $\mathcal{T}$ to be the set of all positive-definite real symmetric matrices with nonzero upper diagonal such…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-24 Srijonee Shabnam Chaudhury

In this paper, we obtain a $p$-th moment bound for the suprema of a log-concave-tailed nonhomogeneous chaos process, which is optimal in some special cases. A crucial ingredient of the proof is a novel decoupling inequality, which may be of…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Guozheng Dai , Zhonggen Su , Vladimir Ulyanov , Hanchao Wang

We prove that the (non-symmetric) adjacency matrix of a uniform random $d$-regular directed graph on $n$ vertices is asymptotically almost surely invertible, assuming $\min(d,n-d)\ge C\log^2n$ for a sufficiently large constant $C>0$. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-11-10 Nicholas A. Cook

We study the largest eigenvalue of a Gaussian random symmetric matrix $X_n$, with zero-mean, unit variance entries satisfying the condition $\sup_{(i, j) \ne (i', j')}|\mathbb{E}[X_{ij} X_{i'j'}]| = O(n^{-(1 + \varepsilon)})$, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Debapratim Banerjee , Soumendu Sundar Mukherjee , Dipranjan Pal

Let $B(n,p)$ denote a binomial random variable with parameters $n$ and $p$. Chv\'{a}tal's theorem says that for any fixed $n\geq 2$, as $m$ ranges over $\{0,\ldots,n\}$, the probability $q_m:=P(B(n,m/n)\leq m)$ is the smallest when $m$ is…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-15 Ze-Chun Hu , Peng Lu , Qian-Qian Zhou , Xing-Wang Zhou

In this article, we study microscopic properties of a two-dimensional eigenvalue ensemble near a conical singularity arising from insertion of a point charge in the bulk of the support of eigenvalues. In particular, we characterize all…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Yacin Ameur , Nam-Gyu Kang , Seong-Mi Seo

An exchangeable random matrix is a random matrix with distribution invariant under any permutation of the entries. For such random matrices, we show, as the dimension tends to infinity, that the empirical spectral distribution tends to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-25 Radosław Adamczak , Djalil Chafaï , Paweł Wolff

Let $A$ be a square random matrix of size $n$, with mean zero, independent but not identically distributed entries, with variance profile $S$. When entries are i.i.d. with unit variance, the spectral radius of $n^{-1/2}A$ converges to $1$…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Yi Han

The minimal excludant of a partition $\lambda$, $\rm{mex}(\lambda)$, is the smallest positive integer that is not a part of $\lambda$. For a positive integer $n$, $ \sigma\, \rm{mex}(n)$ denotes the sum of the minimal excludants of all…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Cristina Ballantine , Mircea Merca

Consider the sample covariance matrix $$\Sigma^{1/2}XX^T\Sigma^{1/2}$$ where $X$ is an $M\times N$ random matrix with independent entries and $\Sigma$ is an $M\times M$ diagonal matrix. It is known that if $\Sigma$ is deterministic, then…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-27 Ji Oon Lee , Yiting Li

Let $Q_n$ denote a random symmetric $n$ by $n$ matrix, whose upper diagonal entries are i.i.d. Bernoulli random variables (which take values 0 and 1 with probability 1/2). We prove that $Q_n$ is non-singular with probability…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kevin Costello , Terence Tao , Van Vu

Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ random symmetric matrix with independent identically distributed subgaussian entries of unit variance. We prove the following large deviation inequality for the rank of $A$: for all $1\leq k\leq c\sqrt{n}$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Yi Han

This paper establishes a new comparison principle for the minimum eigenvalue of a sum of independent random positive-semidefinite matrices. The principle states that the minimum eigenvalue of the matrix sum is controlled by the minimum…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-29 Joel A. Tropp

In this manuscript, we study the limiting distribution for the joint law of the largest and the smallest singular values for random circulant matrices with generating sequence given by independent and identically distributed random elements…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-05 Gerardo Barrera , Paulo Manrique-Mirón

The Max-Min and Min-Max of matrices arise prevalently in science and engineering. However, in many real-world situations the computation of the Max-Min and Min-Max is challenging as matrices are large and full information about their…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-08-28 Iddo Eliazar , Ralf Metzler , Shlomi Reuveni

Let $\bm{x}_1,\cdots,\bm{x}_n$ be a random sample of size $n$ from a $p$-dimensional population distribution, where $p=p(n)\rightarrow\infty$. Consider a symmetric matrix $W=X^\top X$ with parameters $n$ and $p$, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Jianwei Hu , Seydou Keita , Kang Fu

A sorting network is a shortest path from $12 \cdots n$ to $n \cdots 2 1$ in the Cayley graph of the symmetric group generated by adjacent transpositions. For a uniform random sorting network, we prove that in the global limit, particle…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-18 Duncan Dauvergne , Bálint Virág