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Context: Traditional software security analysis methods struggle to keep pace with the scale and complexity of modern codebases, requiring intelligent automation to detect, assess, and remediate vulnerabilities more efficiently and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Shaznin Sultana , Sadia Afreen , Nasir U. Eisty

Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods relied on either medium-sized pre-trained models or smaller neural networks from scratch. Recent advancements in Large Pre-Trained Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Xin Zhou , Ting Zhang , David Lo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a broad spectrum of tasks. They have attracted significant attention and been deployed in numerous downstream applications. Nevertheless, akin to a double-edged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Zishan Guo , Renren Jin , Chuang Liu , Yufei Huang , Dan Shi , Supryadi , Linhao Yu , Yan Liu , Jiaxuan Li , Bojian Xiong , Deyi Xiong

Source code and its accompanying comments are complementary yet naturally aligned modalities-code encodes structural logic while comments capture developer intent. However, existing vulnerability detection methods mostly rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Zeming Dong , Yuejun Guo , Qiang Hu , Yao Zhang , Maxime Cordy , Hao Liu , Mike Papadakis , Yongqiang Lyu

Applying security patches in open source software timely is critical for ensuring the security of downstream applications. However, it is challenging to apply these patches promptly because notifications of patches are often incomplete and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Tianyu Chen , Lin Li , Taotao Qian , Jingyi Liu , Wei Yang , Ding Li , Guangtai Liang , Qianxiang Wang , Tao Xie

Context: Software vulnerabilities pose significant security threats to software systems, especially as software is increasingly used across many areas of daily life, including health, government, and finance. Recently, transformer-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Fiza Naseer , Javed Ali Khan , Muhammad Yaqoob , Alexios Mylonas , Ishaya Gambo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exploded a new heatwave of AI for their ability to engage end-users in human-level conversations with detailed and articulate answers across many knowledge domains. In response to their fast adoption in…

Software Engineering researchers are increasingly using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to automate Software Vulnerabilities (SVs) assessment using the descriptions in public repositories. However, the existing NLP-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Triet H. M. Le , Bushra Sabir , M. Ali Babar

Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been rapidly adopted by smart Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) due to their powerful decision-making capabilities. However, they are vulnerable to various security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Muhammad Shafique , Mahum Naseer , Theocharis Theocharides , Christos Kyrkou , Onur Mutlu , Lois Orosa , Jungwook Choi

Software vulnerabilities pose significant risks to computer systems, impacting our daily lives, productivity, and even our health. Identifying and addressing security vulnerabilities in a timely manner is crucial to prevent hacking and data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Jin Wang , Zishan Huang , Hui Xiao , Yinhao Xiao

Software vulnerabilities pose significant security challenges and potential risks to society, necessitating extensive efforts in automated vulnerability detection. There are two popular lines of work to address automated vulnerability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Xin Zhou , Duc-Manh Tran , Thanh Le-Cong , Ting Zhang , Ivana Clairine Irsan , Joshua Sumarlin , Bach Le , David Lo

Identifying which software versions are affected by a vulnerability is critical for patching, risk mitigation. Despite a growing body of tools, their real-world effectiveness remains unclear due to narrow evaluation scopes often limited to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Xingchu Chen , Chengwei Liu , Jialun Cao , Yang Xiao , Xinyue Cai , Yeting Li , Jingyi Shi , Tianqi Sun , Haiming Chen ang Wei Huo

Each year, thousands of software vulnerabilities are discovered and reported to the public. Unpatched known vulnerabilities are a significant security risk. It is imperative that software vendors quickly provide patches once vulnerabilities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-26 Benjamin L. Bullough , Anna K. Yanchenko , Christopher L. Smith , Joseph R. Zipkin

The large-scale deployment of Solidity smart contracts on the Ethereum mainnet has increasingly attracted financially-motivated attackers in recent years. A few now-infamous attacks in Ethereum's history includes DAO attack in 2016 (50…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Md Tauseef Alam , Raju Halder , Abyayananda Maiti

The advances of deep learning (DL) have paved the way for automatic software vulnerability repair approaches, which effectively learn the mapping from the vulnerable code to the fixed code. Nevertheless, existing DL-based vulnerability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xin Zhou , Kisub Kim , Bowen Xu , DongGyun Han , David Lo

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have gained considerable prominence in recent years due to their remarkable capability to effectively integrate and process both textual and visual information. This integration has significantly enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Aobotao Dai , Xinyu Ma , Lei Chen , Songze Li , Lin Wang

Software vulnerabilities remain a persistent risk, yet static and dynamic analyses often overlook structural dependencies that shape insecure behaviors. Viewing programs as heterogeneous graphs, we capture control- and data-flow relations…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jugal Gajjar , Kaustik Ranaware , Kamalasankari Subramaniakuppusamy

To address the extremely concerning problem of software vulnerability, system security is often entrusted to Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. Despite their now established detection capabilities, such models are limited by design to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Marco Pintore , Giorgio Piras , Angelo Sotgiu , Maura Pintor , Battista Biggio

Identifying potentially vulnerable locations in a code base is critical as a pre-step for effective vulnerability assessment; i.e., it can greatly help security experts put their time and effort to where it is needed most. Metric-based and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Xiaoning Du , Bihuan Chen , Yuekang Li , Jianmin Guo , Yaqin Zhou , Yang Liu , Yu Jiang

Multi-Modal Language Models (MLLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by combining visual and text data, making applications like image captioning, visual question answering, and multi-modal content creation possible. This ability to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Pete Janowczyk , Linda Laurier , Ave Giulietta , Arlo Octavia , Meade Cleti