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Technology-enhanced learning environments often help students retrieve relevant learning content for questions arising during self-paced study. Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as novel aids for information retrieval during…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Eason Chen , Chuangji Li , Shizhuo Li , Zimo Xiao , Jionghao Lin , Kenneth R. Koedinger

Processing long contexts presents a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs). While recent advancements allow LLMs to handle much longer contexts than before (e.g., 32K or 128K tokens), it is computationally expensive and can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Hongjin Qian , Zheng Liu , Peitian Zhang , Kelong Mao , Defu Lian , Zhicheng Dou , Tiejun Huang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a transformative approach for enhancing large language models (LLMs) by grounding their outputs in external knowledge sources. Yet, a critical question persists: how can vast volumes of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Carlo Merola , Jaspinder Singh

The growing demand for efficient and lightweight Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems has highlighted significant challenges when deploying Small Language Models (SLMs) in existing RAG frameworks. Current approaches face severe…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Tianyu Fan , Jingyuan Wang , Xubin Ren , Chao Huang

Graph-based Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a widely studied approach for improving the reasoning, accuracy, and factuality of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, many existing graph-based RAG systems overlook the high…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Qiao Xiao , Hong Ting Tsang , Jiaxin Bai

Extending context windows (i.e., Long Context, LC) and using retrievers to selectively access relevant information (i.e., Retrieval-Augmented Generation, RAG) are the two main strategies to enable LLMs to incorporate extremely long external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Xinze Li , Yixin Cao , Yubo Ma , Aixin Sun

We propose a scalable and cost-efficient framework for deploying Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) in enterprise environments. While GraphRAG has shown promise for multi- hop reasoning and structured retrieval, its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Congmin Min , Sahil Bansal , Joyce Pan , Abbas Keshavarzi , Rhea Mathew , Amar Viswanathan Kannan

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, they still face persistent challenges in retrieval inefficiency and the inability of LLMs to filter out irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ruobing Yao , Yifei Zhang , Shuang Song , Yuhua Liu , Neng Gao , Chenyang Tu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a crucial method for mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) and integrating external knowledge into their responses. Existing RAG methods typically employ query rewriting to clarify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Zhuocheng Zhang , Yang Feng , Min Zhang

Effectively incorporating external knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing their capabilities and addressing real-world needs. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers an effective method for achieving this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Kuan Li , Liwen Zhang , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Shuai Wang , Minhao Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive progress in natural language processing, but their limited ability to retain long-term context constrains performance on document-level or multi-turn tasks. Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhangyu Wang , Siyuan Gao , Rong Zhou , Hao Wang , Li Ning

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves large language models (LLMs) by retrieving relevant information from external sources and has been widely adopted for text-based tasks. For structured data, such as knowledge graphs, Graph…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Haoyu Han , Li Ma , Yu Wang , Harry Shomer , Yongjia Lei , Zhisheng Qi , Kai Guo , Zhigang Hua , Bo Long , Hui Liu , Charu C. Aggarwal , Jiliang Tang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods enhance LLM performance by efficiently filtering relevant context for LLMs, reducing hallucinations and inference cost. However, most existing RAG methods focus on single-step retrieval, which is…

While holding great promise for improving and facilitating healthcare, large language models (LLMs) struggle to produce up-to-date responses on evolving topics due to outdated knowledge or hallucination. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Gongbo Zhang , Zihan Xu , Qiao Jin , Fangyi Chen , Yilu Fang , Yi Liu , Justin F. Rousseau , Ziyang Xu , Zhiyong Lu , Chunhua Weng , Yifan Peng

With the rapid development of large-scale language models, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been widely adopted. However, existing RAG paradigms are inevitably influenced by erroneous retrieval information, thereby reducing the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Ridong Wu , Shuhong Chen , Xiangbiao Su , Yuankai Zhu , Yifei Liao , Jianming Wu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge but incurs significant inference costs due to lengthy retrieved contexts. While context compression mitigates this issue, existing methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Shuyu Guo , Shuo Zhang , Zhaochun Ren

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks aim to enhance Code Language Models (CLMs) by including another module for retrieving relevant context to construct the input prompt. However, these retrieval modules commonly use semantic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Minh Nguyen

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has been a powerful tool for Large Language Models (LLMs) to efficiently process overly lengthy contexts. However, recent LLMs like Gemini-1.5 and GPT-4 show exceptional capabilities to understand long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Zhuowan Li , Cheng Li , Mingyang Zhang , Qiaozhu Mei , Michael Bendersky

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a framework for grounding Large Language Models (LLMs) in external, up-to-date information. However, recent advancements in context window size allow LLMs to process inputs of up to 128K tokens or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Seongwoong Shim , Myunsoo Kim , Jae Hyeon Cho , Byung-Jun Lee

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems often struggle with imperfect retrieval, as traditional retrievers focus on lexical or semantic similarity rather than logical relevance. To address this, we propose \textbf{HopRAG}, a novel RAG…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hao Liu , Zhengren Wang , Xi Chen , Zhiyu Li , Feiyu Xiong , Qinhan Yu , Wentao Zhang