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LoRA has become a universal Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) technique that equips Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt quickly to new tasks. However, when these models are scaled up, even the latest LoRA variants still introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xindian Ma , Rundong Kong , Peng Zhang , Ruoxiang Huang , Yongyu Jiang

Tabular data are crucial in many fields and their understanding by large language models (LLMs) under high parameter efficiency paradigm is important. However, directly applying parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques to tabular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Xinyi He , Yihao Liu , Mengyu Zhou , Yeye He , Haoyu Dong , Shi Han , Zejian Yuan , Dongmei Zhang

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved remarkable success on various natural language understanding tasks. Simple fine-tuning of PLMs, on the other hand, might be suboptimal for domain-specific tasks because they cannot possibly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Minki Kang , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

An old-school recipe for training a classifier is to (i) learn a good feature extractor and (ii) optimize a linear layer atop. When only a handful of samples are available per category, as in Few-Shot Adaptation (FSA), data are insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Matteo Farina , Massimiliano Mancini , Giovanni Iacca , Elisa Ricci

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have transformed the approach to fine-tuning large models for downstream tasks by enabling the adjustment of significantly fewer parameters than those in the original model matrices. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Alessio Quercia , Zhuo Cao , Arya Bangun , Richard D. Paul , Abigail Morrison , Ira Assent , Hanno Scharr

One-size-fits-all large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to help people with their writing. However, the style these models are trained to write in may not suit all users or use cases. LLMs would be more useful as writing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Xinyue Liu , Harshita Diddee , Daphne Ippolito

Large language models (LLMs) encode extensive world knowledge through pre-training on massive datasets, which can then be fine-tuned for the question-answering (QA) task. However, effective strategies for fine-tuning LLMs for the QA task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Junjie Ye , Yuming Yang , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan

Domain generalization (DG) aims to adapt a model using one or multiple source domains to ensure robust performance in unseen target domains. Recently, Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) of foundation models has shown promising results…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Seokju Yun , Seunghye Chae , Dongheon Lee , Youngmin Ro

Parameter efficient fine tuning (PEFT) is a versatile and extensible approach for adapting a Large Language Model (LLM) for newer tasks. One of the most prominent PEFT approaches, Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA), primarily focuses on adjusting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Harsh Nilesh Pathak , Randy Paffenroth

The fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is pivotal for achieving optimal performance across diverse downstream tasks. However, while full fine-tuning delivers superior results, it entails significant computational and resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Yao Liang , Yuwei Wang , Yi Zeng

Finetuning Large Language Models helps improve the results for domain-specific use cases. End-to-end finetuning of large language models is time and resource intensive and has high storage requirements to store the finetuned version of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Kunal Suri , Prakhar Mishra , Saumajit Saha , Atul Singh

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), especially Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), has emerged as a promising approach to fine-tuning large language models(LLMs) while reducing computational and memory overhead. However, LoRA assumes a uniform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Hao Zhang , Zhenjia Li , Runfeng Bao , Yifan Gao , Xi Xiao , Heng Zhang , Shuyang Zhang , Bo Huang , Yuhang Wu , Tianyang Wang , Hao Xu

Transfer learning via fine-tuning pre-trained transformer models has gained significant success in delivering state-of-the-art results across various NLP tasks. In the absence of centralized data, Federated Learning (FL) can benefit from…

Recent speech foundation models excel at multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) for high-resource languages, but adapting them to low-resource languages remains challenging due to data scarcity and efficiency constraints.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Yang Xiao , Eun-Jung Holden , Ting Dang

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have gained significant popularity for adapting pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) to downstream tasks, primarily due to their potential to significantly reduce memory and computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Kai Yao , Penglei Gao , Lichun Li , Yuan Zhao , Xiaofeng Wang , Wei Wang , Jianke Zhu

Explorations in fine-tuning Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) from Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), have made impressive progress. However, most approaches rely on explicit weight updates, overlooking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mingyuan Zhang , Yue Bai , Yifan Wang , Yiyang Huang , Yun Fu

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is crucial for improving their performance on downstream tasks, but full-parameter fine-tuning (Full-FT) is computationally expensive and memory-intensive. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Longteng Zhang , Lin Zhang , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu , Bo Li

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a critical paradigm for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to downstream tasks, among which Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) represents one of the most widely adopted methodologies.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jialong Han , Si Zhang , Ke Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been applied to dialog systems. Despite making progress, LLMs are prone to errors in knowledge-intensive scenarios. Recently, approaches based on retrieval augmented generation (RAG) and agent have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yucheng Cai , Yuxuan Wu , Yi Huang , Junlan Feng , Zhijian Ou

Recent studies have augmented large language models (LLMs) with speech capabilities, leading to the development of speech language models (SpeechLMs). Earlier SpeechLMs focused on single-turn speech-based question answering (QA), where user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Yifan Peng , Krishna C. Puvvada , Zhehuai Chen , Piotr Zelasko , He Huang , Kunal Dhawan , Ke Hu , Shinji Watanabe , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg