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This paper establishes a rigorous connection between regularized discrete-time reinforcement learning (RL) and continuous-time stochastic optimal control. Specifically, classical RL algorithms are typically solving a regularized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-24 Huyên Pham , Yuming Paul Zhang , Yuhua Zhu

In this paper, we study the optimal dividend problem under the continuous time diffusion model with the bounded dividend rate from the Reinforcement Learning (RL) perspective. Unlike the standard literature, our main focus will be on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Lihua Bai , Thejani Gamage , Jin Ma , Gaozhan Wang

Policy optimization has drawn increasing attention in reinforcement learning, particularly in the context of derivative-free methods for linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problems with unknown dynamics. This paper focuses on characterizing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Weijian Li , Panagiotis Kounatidis , Zhong-Ping Jiang , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Consider a discrete-time Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) problem solved using policy gradient descent when the system matrices are unknown. The gradient is transmitted across a noisy channel over a finite time horizon using analog…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Ashwin Verma , Aritra Mitra , Lintao Ye , Vijay Gupta

In this article, we study a continuous-time stochastic $H_\infty$ control problem based on reinforcement learning (RL) techniques that can be viewed as solving a stochastic linear-quadratic two-person zero-sum differential game (LQZSG).…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-02 Zhongshi Sun , Guangyan Jia

We study a speculative trading problem within the exploratory reinforcement learning (RL) framework of Wang et al. [2020]. The problem is formulated as a sequential optimal stopping problem over entry and exit times under general utility…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-03 Yun Zhao , Alex S. L. Tse , Harry Zheng

This paper studies an infinite horizon optimal control problem for discrete-time linear system and quadratic criteria, both with random parameters which are independent and identically distributed with respect to time. In this general…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-04 Deyue Li

In this paper, we present a Q-learning algorithm to solve the optimal output regulation problem for discrete-time LTI systems. This off-policy algorithm only relies on using persistently exciting input-output data, measured offline. No…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Mohammad Alsalti , Victor G. Lopez , Matthias A. Müller

This paper addresses the problem of steering the distribution of the state of a discrete-time linear system to a given target distribution while minimizing an entropy-regularized cost functional. This problem is called a maximum entropy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-30 Kaito Ito , Kenji Kashima

Quantum control is concerned with the realisation of desired dynamics in quantum systems, serving as a linchpin for advancing quantum technologies and fundamental research. Analytic approaches and standard optimisation algorithms do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Jan Ole Ernst , Aniket Chatterjee , Tim Franzmeyer , Axel Kuhn

This paper studies data-driven approaches to the continuous-time linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem based on two existing parameterizations, namely a closed-loop (CL) parameterization from behavioral system theory and an integral…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-01 Armin Gießler , Felix Thömmes , Sören Hohmann

This paper presents a discrete-time option pricing model that is rooted in Reinforcement Learning (RL), and more specifically in the famous Q-Learning method of RL. We construct a risk-adjusted Markov Decision Process for a discrete-time…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-09-04 Igor Halperin

In safety-critical applications, reinforcement learning (RL) needs to consider safety constraints. However, theoretical understandings of constrained RL for continuous control are largely absent. As a case study, this paper presents a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Feiran Zhao , Keyou You

The convergence of policy gradient algorithms in reinforcement learning hinges on the optimization landscape of the underlying optimal control problem. Theoretical insights into these algorithms can often be acquired from analyzing those of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jingliang Duan , Wenhan Cao , Yang Zheng , Lin Zhao

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as an efficient method of choice for solving complex sequential decision making problems in automatic control, computer science, economics, and biology. In this paper we present a model-free RL…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Mohammadhosein Hasanbeig , Yiannis Kantaros , Alessandro Abate , Daniel Kroening , George J. Pappas , Insup Lee

This paper studies the continuous-time reinforcement learning (RL) for optimal switching problems across multiple regimes. We consider a type of exploratory formulation under entropy regularization where the agent randomizes both the timing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Yijie Huang , Mengge Li , Xiang Yu , Zhou Zhou

Reinforcement learning (RL) has seen significant research and application results but often requires large amounts of training data. This paper proposes two data-efficient off-policy RL methods that use parametrized Q-learning. In these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-09 J. S. van Hulst , W. P. M. H. Heemels , D. J. Antunes

We propose a reinforcement learning (RL) approach to model optimal exercise strategies for option-type products. We pursue the RL avenue in order to learn the optimal action-value function of the underlying stopping problem. In addition to…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-27 John Ery , Loris Michel

This paper first presents necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of discrete time, mean-field, stochastic linear-quadratic optimal control problems. Then, by introducing several sequences of bounded linear operators, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-07-25 Robert. J Elliott , Xun Li , Yuan-Hua Ni

We study the problem of adaptive control of a high dimensional linear quadratic (LQ) system. Previous work established the asymptotic convergence to an optimal controller for various adaptive control schemes. More recently, for the average…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-03-26 Morteza Ibrahimi , Adel Javanmard , Benjamin Van Roy