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Fine-tuning provides an effective means to specialize pre-trained models for various downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning often incurs high memory overhead, especially for large transformer-based models, such as LLMs. While existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Antoine Simoulin , Namyong Park , Xiaoyi Liu , Grey Yang

Sparsely activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models effectively increase the number of parameters while maintaining consistent computational costs per token. However, vanilla MoE models often suffer from limited diversity and specialization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Lei Kang , Jia Li , Mi Tian , Hua Huang

Modeling implicit feature interaction patterns is of significant importance to object detection tasks. However, in the two-stage detectors, due to the excessive use of hand-crafted components, it is very difficult to reason about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Wenchao Zhang , Chong Fu , Xiangshi Chang , Tengfei Zhao , Xiang Li , Chiu-Wing Sham

In recommendation systems, scaling up feature-interaction modules (e.g., Wukong, RankMixer) or user-behavior sequence modules (e.g., LONGER) has achieved notable success. However, these efforts typically proceed on separate tracks, which…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhaoqi Zhang , Haolei Pei , Jun Guo , Tianyu Wang , Yufei Feng , Hui Sun , Shaowei Liu , Aixin Sun

We investigate the geometric structure of learning dynamics in overparameterized transformer models through carefully controlled modular arithmetic tasks. Our primary finding is that despite operating in high-dimensional parameter spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yongzhong Xu

Transformer-based architectures are the model of choice for natural language understanding, but they come at a significant cost, as they have quadratic complexity in the input length, require a lot of training data, and can be difficult to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Florian Mai , Arnaud Pannatier , Fabio Fehr , Haolin Chen , Francois Marelli , Francois Fleuret , James Henderson

Three-dimensional (3D) medical image enhancement, including denoising and super-resolution, is critical for clinical diagnosis in CT, PET, and MRI. Although diffusion models have shown remarkable success in 2D medical imaging, scaling them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hongxu Jiang , Fei Li , Boxiao Yu , Ying Zhang , Kaleb Smith , Kuang Gong , Wei Shao

Transformer models can face practical limitations due to their high computational requirements. At the same time, such models exhibit significant activation sparsity, which can be leveraged to reduce the inference cost by converting parts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Filip Szatkowski , Bartosz Wójcik , Mikołaj Piórczyński , Simone Scardapane

Generative modeling of human motion has broad applications in computer animation, virtual reality, and robotics. Conventional approaches develop separate models for different motion synthesis tasks, and typically use a model of a small size…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Jianxin Ma , Shuai Bai , Chang Zhou

A novel Transformer variation architecture is proposed in the implicit sparse style. Unlike "traditional" Transformers, instead of attention to sequential or batch entities in their entirety of whole dimensionality, in the proposed Batch…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Stanislav Selitskiy

Despite rapid progress in video diffusion transformers, how their internal model signals can be leveraged with minimal overhead to enhance video generation quality remains underexplored. In this work, we study the role of Massive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Xianhang Cheng , Yujian Zheng , Zhenyu Xie , Tingting Liao , Hao Li

Although scaling laws and many empirical results suggest that increasing the size of Vision Transformers often improves performance, model accuracy and training behavior are not always monotonically increasing with scale. Focusing on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Anantha Padmanaban Krishna Kumar

Previous work on Universal Transformers (UTs) has demonstrated the importance of parameter sharing across layers. By allowing recurrence in depth, UTs have advantages over standard Transformers in learning compositional generalizations, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Róbert Csordás , Kazuki Irie , Jürgen Schmidhuber , Christopher Potts , Christopher D. Manning

Understanding how information propagates through Transformer models is a key challenge for interpretability. In this work, we study the effects of minimal token perturbations on the embedding space. In our experiments, we analyze the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Eddie Conti , Alejandro Astruc , Alvaro Parafita , Axel Brando

Large language models (LLMs) show excellent performance in difficult tasks, but they often require massive memories and computational resources. How to reduce the parameter scale of LLMs has become research hotspots. In this study, we make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Guangyan Li , Yongqiang Tang , Wensheng Zhang

Existing unified image segmentation models either employ a unified architecture across multiple tasks but use separate weights tailored to each dataset, or apply a single set of weights to multiple datasets but are limited to a single task.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Pei Wang , Zhaowei Cai , Hao Yang , Ashwin Swaminathan , R. Manmatha , Stefano Soatto

We study a constrained training regime for decoder-only Transformers in which the token interface is fixed, previously trained dense blocks are not reopened, and the active trainable parameter set is kept approximately constant as depth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 A. Bochkov

In the mid-second decade of new millennium, the development of IT has reached unprecedented new heights. As one derivative of Moore's law, the operating system evolves from the initial 16 bits, 32 bits, to the ultimate 64 bits. Most modern…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-21 Yi Lu

The impact of device and circuit-level effects in mixed-signal Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) accelerators typically manifest as performance degradation of Deep Learning (DL) algorithms, but the degree of impact varies based on…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Corey Lammie , Jason K. Eshraghian , Chenqi Li , Amirali Amirsoleimani , Roman Genov , Wei D. Lu , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

Large Language Models (LLMs) with Mixture-of-Expert (MoE) architectures achieve superior model performance with reduced computation costs, but at the cost of high memory capacity and bandwidth requirements. Near-Memory Processing (NMP)…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Haochen Huang , Shuzhang Zhong , Zhe Zhang , Shuangchen Li , Dimin Niu , Hongzhong Zheng , Runsheng Wang , Meng Li