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Blockchain systems are challenged by the so-called Trilemma tradeoff: decentralization, scalability and security. Infrastructure and node configuration, choice of the Consensus Protocol and complexity of the application transactions are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Georgios Diamantopoulos , Nikos Tziritas , Rami Bahsoon , Georgios Theodoropoulos

In recent years, we have seen an increase in the adoption of blockchain-based systems in non-financial applications, looking to benefit from what the technology has to offer. Although many fields have managed to include blockchain in their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Georgios Diamantopoulos , Nikos Tziritas , Rami Bahsoon , Georgios Theodoropoulos

The necessity of blockchain systems to remain decentralised limits current solutions to blockchain governance and dynamic management, forcing a trade-off between control and decentralisation. In light of the above, this work proposes a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Georgios Diamantopoulos , Nikos Tziritas , Rami Bahsoon , Georgios Theodoropoulos

Industry 4.0 and beyond will rely heavily on sustainable Business Decision Modelling (BDM) that can be accelerated by blockchain and Digital Twin (DT) solutions. BDM is built on models and frameworks refined by key identification factors,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Gyan Wickremasinghe , Siofra Frost , Karen Rafferty , Vishal Sharma

The blockchain trilemma highlights the difficulty of simultaneously achieving a high degree of decentralization (DoD), scalability, and security in blockchain systems. While numerous constructs and metrics have been proposed to analyze…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Mansur Masama Aliyu , Niclas Kannengießer , Ali Sunyaev

Industrial processes rely on sensory data for decision-making processes, risk assessment, and performance evaluation. Extracting actionable insights from the collected data calls for an infrastructure that can ensure the dissemination of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Sabah Suhail , Rasheed Hussain , Raja Jurdak , Alma Oracevic , Khaled Salah , Raimundas Matulevičius , Choong Seon Hong

Public blockchains should be able to scale with respect to the number of nodes and to the transactions workload. The blockchain scalability trilemma has been informally conjectured. This is related to scalability, security and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Gianmaria Del Monte , Diego Pennino , Maurizio Pizzonia

Supply chain management (SCM) plays a vital role in the global economy, as evidenced by recent COVID-19 supply chain challenges. Traditional SCM faces security and efficiency issues, but they can be addressed by leveraging digital twins…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Jiongbin Liu , William Yeoh , Youyang Qu , Longxiang Gao

A major problem in blockchain-based supply chain management is the potential unreliability of digital twins when considering digital representations of physical goods. Indeed, the use of blockchain technology to trace goods is obviously…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Vincenzo Botta , Laura Fusco , Attilio Mondelli , Ivan Visconti

This paper presents a comprehensive refutation of the so-called "blockchain trilemma," a widely cited but formally ungrounded claim asserting an inherent trade-off between decentralisation, security, and scalability in blockchain protocols.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Craig Wright

We develop a model of coordination and allocation of decentralized multi-sided markets, in which our theoretical analysis is promisingly optimizing the decentralized transaction packaging process at high-throughput blockchains or Web 3.0…

General Economics · Economics 2023-01-27 Yuxuan Lu , Qian Qi , Xi Chen

Today there is considerable interest in deploying blockchains and decentralized ledger technology as a means to address the deficiencies of current financial and digital asset infrastructures. The focal point of attention in many projects…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Denis Avrilionis , Thomas Hardjono

Blockchain design involves many tradeoffs, and much debate has focused on tradeoffs related to scaling parameters such as blocksize. To address some of the confusion around this subject, we present a probability proof of the DCS Triangle.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Greg Slepak , Anya Petrova

Sharding is the prevalent approach to breaking the trilemma of simultaneously achieving decentralization, security, and scalability in traditional blockchain systems, which are implemented as replicated state machines relying on atomic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Yizhong Liu , Jianwei Liu , Marcos Antonio Vaz Salles , Zongyang Zhang , Tong Li , Bin Hu , Fritz Henglein , Rongxing Lu

This research critically analyses blockchain scaling solutions based on their ability to realistically balance the properties of the blockchain trilemma. We have concluded this research by outlining a gap in the current body of literature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Frazer Chard , Cayo Fletcher-Smith

Industrial processes rely on sensory data for critical decision-making processes. Extracting actionable insights from the collected data calls for an infrastructure that can ensure the trustworthiness of data. To this end, we envision a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Sabah Suhail , Rasheed Hussain , Raja Jurdak , Choong Seon Hong

Decentralized cryptocurrency systems, known as blockchains, have shown promise as infrastructure for mutually distrustful parties to agree on transactions safely. However, Bitcoin-derived blockchains and their variants suffer from the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Han Wang , Hui Li , Zixian Wang , Baofu Han , Minglong Zhang , Peter Han Joo Chong , Xiaoli Chu , Yang Liu , Soung-Yue Liew , Lunchakorn Wuttisittikulkij

There is an ongoing competition among blockchain technologies and the existence of one ultimate blockchain is impossible for many reasons. On the other hand, such variety can create difficulties in adoption, especially for the governments…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Oleksii Konashevych

In recent years, blockchain technology has received unparalleled attention from academia, industry, and governments all around the world. It is considered a technological breakthrough anticipated to disrupt several application domains. This…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Md Sadek Ferdous , Mohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury , Mohammad A. Hoque , Alan Colman

While blockchains initially gained popularity in the realm of cryptocurrencies, their widespread adoption is expanding beyond conventional applications, driven by the imperative need for enhanced data security. Despite providing a secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Faisal Haque Bappy , Tarannum Shaila Zaman , Md Sajidul Islam Sajid , Mir Mehedi Ahsan Pritom , Tariqul Islam
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