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Agents that can learn to imitate given video observation -- \emph{without direct access to state or action information} are more applicable to learning in the natural world. However, formulating a reinforcement learning (RL) agent that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Glen Berseth , Florian Golemo , Christopher Pal

In the learning from demonstration (LfD) paradigm, understanding and evaluating the demonstrated behaviors plays a critical role in extracting control policies for robots. Without this knowledge, a robot may infer incorrect reward functions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Aniruddh G. Puranic , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh , Stefanos Nikolaidis

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires either manually specifying a reward function, which is often infeasible, or learning a reward model from a large amount of human feedback, which is often very expensive. We study a more sample-efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Juan Rocamonde , Victoriano Montesinos , Elvis Nava , Ethan Perez , David Lindner

The alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) is critically dependent on reward models trained on costly human preference data. While recent work explores bypassing this cost with AI feedback, these methods often lack a rigorous theoretical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yi-Chen Li , Tian Xu , Yang Yu , Xuqin Zhang , Xiong-Hui Chen , Zhongxiang Ling , Ningjing Chao , Lei Yuan , Zhi-Hua Zhou

The inherent uncertainty in the environmental transition model of Reinforcement Learning (RL) necessitates a delicate balance between exploration and exploitation. This balance is crucial for optimizing computational resources to accurately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yongxin Deng , Xihe Qiu , Jue Chen , Xiaoyu Tan

Mastering robotic manipulation skills through reinforcement learning (RL) typically requires the design of shaped reward functions. Recent developments in this area have demonstrated that using sparse rewards, i.e. rewarding the agent only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Ozsel Kilinc , Giovanni Montana

Recent advances have shown that video generation models can enhance robot learning by deriving effective robot actions through inverse dynamics. However, these methods heavily depend on the quality of generated data and struggle with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Kelin Yu , Sheng Zhang , Harshit Soora , Furong Huang , Heng Huang , Pratap Tokekar , Ruohan Gao

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently advanced robotic manipulation by leveraging vision for scene perception and language for instruction following. However, existing methods rely heavily on costly human-annotated training…

Text-to-motion (T2M) generation aims to control the behavior of a target character via textual descriptions. Leveraging text-motion paired datasets, existing T2M models have achieved impressive performance in generating high-quality motions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiakun Zheng , Ting Xiao , Shiqin Cao , Xinran Li , Zhe Wang , Chenjia Bai

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated excellent high-level planning capabilities, enabling locomotion skill learning from video demonstrations without the need for meticulous human-level reward design. However, the improper frame…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Xianghui Wang , Xinming Zhang , Yanjun Chen , Xiaoyu Shen , Wei Zhang

For legged robots to match the athletic capabilities of humans and animals, they must not only produce robust periodic walking and running, but also seamlessly switch between nominal locomotion gaits and more specialized transient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Fangzhou Yu , Ryan Batke , Jeremy Dao , Jonathan Hurst , Kevin Green , Alan Fern

The main challenge in developing effective reinforcement learning (RL) pipelines is often the design and tuning the reward functions. Well-designed shaping reward can lead to significantly faster learning. Naively formulated rewards,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Se Hwan Jeon , Steve Heim , Charles Khazoom , Sangbae Kim

We study the problem of realizing the full spectrum of bipedal locomotion on a real robot with sim-to-real reinforcement learning (RL). A key challenge of learning legged locomotion is describing different gaits, via reward functions, in a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Jonah Siekmann , Yesh Godse , Alan Fern , Jonathan Hurst

Designing reward functions for continuous-control robotics often leads to subtle misalignments or reward hacking, especially in complex tasks. Preference-based RL mitigates some of these pitfalls by learning rewards from comparative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Anukriti Singh , Amisha Bhaskar , Peihong Yu , Souradip Chakraborty , Ruthwik Dasyam , Amrit Bedi , Pratap Tokekar

Video generation models trained on heterogeneous data with likelihood-surrogate objectives can produce visually plausible rollouts that violate physical constraints in embodied manipulation. Although reinforcement-learning post-training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Zhenyang Ni , Yijiang Li , Ruochen Jiao , Simon Sinong Zhan , Sipeng Chen , Zhenfei Yin , Minshuo Chen , Philip Torr , Zhaoran Wang , Qi Zhu

This paper introduces Video2MR, a mixed reality system that automatically generates 3D sports and exercise instructions from 2D videos. Mixed reality instructions have great potential for physical training, but existing works require…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Keiichi Ihara , Kyzyl Monteiro , Mehrad Faridan , Rubaiat Habib Kazi , Ryo Suzuki

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated compelling performance in robotic tasks, but its success often hinges on the design of complex, ad hoc reward functions. Researchers have explored how Large Language Models (LLMs) could enable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Letian Chen , Nina Moorman , Matthew Gombolay

Achieving stable and robust perceptive locomotion for bipedal robots in unstructured outdoor environments remains a critical challenge due to complex terrain geometry and susceptibility to external disturbances. In this work, we propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Haokai Su , Haoxiang Luo , Shunpeng Yang , Kaiwen Jiang , Wei Zhang , Hua Chen

Reward models have been increasingly critical for improving the reasoning capability of LLMs. Existing research has shown that a well-trained reward model can substantially improve model performances at inference time via search. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Jiaxuan Gao , Shusheng Xu , Wenjie Ye , Weilin Liu , Chuyi He , Wei Fu , Zhiyu Mei , Guangju Wang , Yi Wu

Deep Reinforcement Learning is a promising tool for robotic control, yet practical application is often hindered by the difficulty of designing effective reward functions. Real-world tasks typically require optimizing multiple objectives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Kilian Freitag , Knut Åkesson , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani
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