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We characterize the graphs $G$ for which their toric ideals $I_G$ are complete intersections. In particular we prove that for a connected graph $G$ such that $I_G$ is complete intersection all of its blocks are bipartite except of at most…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2011-10-06 Christos Tatakis , Apostolos Thoma

We study invariants of virtual graphoids, which are virtual spatial graph diagrams with two distinguished degree-one vertices modulo graph Reidemeister moves applied away from the distinguished vertices. Generalizing previously known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Neslihan Gügümcü , Louis H. Kauffman , Puttipong Pongtanapaisan

We show that each perfect matching in a bipartite graph $G$ intersects at least half of the perfect matchings in $G$. This result has equivalent formulations in terms of the permanent of the adjacency matrix of a graph, and in terms of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-14 Matija Bucic , Pat Devlin , Mo Hendon , Dru Horne , Ben Lund

We describe an underlying right angled building structure of any graph product of buildings. We describe the automorphism group of the graph product of buildings. We show that the notion of generalized graph product of a collection of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-18 Aliska Gibbins

Let $H$ be a finite abelian (commutative) group of order $n \geq 2$, and $m >1$ be an integer. We define the $m$-graph of $H$, denoted by $m-G(H)$, as a simple undirected graph with vertex set $H$, and two distinct vertices, $a, b \in H$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Ayman Badawi

The Hall number is a graph parameter closely related to the choice number. Here it is shown that the Hall numbers of the complete multipartite graphs $K(m,2,\ldots,2)$, $m\ge 2$, are equal to their choice numbers.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Julian A. Allagan

We prove some partial results on the periodicity of billiard systems on graphs. The results specialize to the case of $n$ billiards with equal mass on the unit interval or circle traveling at the same speed.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-12-11 Stephen Michael Miller , Thomas Silverman

The paper consider an equivalence relation in the set of vertices of a bipartite graph. Some numerical characteristics showing the cardinality of equivalence classes are introduced. A combinatorial identity that is in relationship to these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-28 Krasimir Yordzhev

Homomorphically full graphs are those for which every homomorphic image is isomorphic to a subgraph. We extend the definition of homomorphically full to oriented graphs in two different ways. For the first of these, we show that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Thomas Bellitto , Christopher Duffy , Gary MacGillivray

To any finite ordered subset and any finite partition of a group a set of tuples of positive integers, named as configurations, is associated that describes the group's behavior. The present paper provides an exposition of this notion and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Akram Yousofzadeh

The commutativity degree of a finite group is the probability that two randomly chosen group elements commute. The main object of this paper is to obtain a characterization for all finite groups of odd order with commutativity degree…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-04-01 Ashish Kumar Das , Rajat Kanti Nath

The sandpile group of a graph is a well-studied object that combines ideas from algebraic graph theory, group theory, dynamical systems, and statistical physics. A graph's sandpile group is part of a larger algebraic structure on the graph,…

We investigate the terminal-pairibility problem in the case when the base graph is a complete bipartite graph, and the demand graph is also bipartite with the same color classes. We improve the lower bound on maximum value of $\Delta(D)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-22 Lucas Colucci , Péter L. Erdős , Ervin Győri , Tamás Róbert Mezei

The purpose of this paper is to study the transitive group-groupoids.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-27 Gheorghe Ivan

We introduce a graded homology theory for graded \'etale groupoids. For $\mathbb Z$-graded groupoids, we establish an exact sequence relating the graded zeroth-homology to non-graded one. Specialising to the arbitrary graph groupoids, we…

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Roozbeh Hazrat , Huanhuan Li

The graph packing problem is a well-known area in graph theory. We consider a bipartite version and give almost tight conditions on the packability of two bipartite sequences.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-03 Bálint Vásárhelyi

Planar locally finite graphs which are almost vertex transitive are discussed. If the graph is 3-connected and has at most one end then the group of automorphisms is a planar discontinuous group and its structure is well-known. A general…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-05-08 M. J. Dunwoody

Each finite and connected bipartite graph induces a finite collection of non-isomorphic dessins d'enfants, that is, $2$-cell embeddings of it into some closed orientable surface. We describe an algorithm to compute all these dessins…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-24 Ruben A. Hidalgo

A finite graph is called a tricirculant if admits a cyclic group of automorphism which has precisely three orbits on the vertex-set of the graph, all of equal size. We classify all finite connected cubic vertex-transitive tricirculants. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-12 Primož Potočnik , Micael Toledo

Given a finite transitive permutation group $G\leq \operatorname{Sym}(\Omega)$, with $|\Omega|\geq 2$, the derangement graph $\Gamma_G$ of $G$ is the Cayley graph $\operatorname{Cay}(G,\operatorname{Der}(G))$, where $\operatorname{Der}(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Andriaherimanana Sarobidy Razafimahatratra