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While trajectory prediction plays a critical role in enabling safe and effective path-planning in automated vehicles, standardized practices for evaluating such models remain underdeveloped. Recent efforts have aimed to unify dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Julian F. Schumann , Anna Mészáros , Jens Kober , Arkady Zgonnikov

Accurate and reliable motion forecasting is essential for the safe deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs), particularly in rare but safety-critical scenarios known as corner cases. Existing models often underperform in these situations due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Haicheng Liao , Bonan Wang , Junxian Yang , Chengyue Wang , Zhengbin He , Guohui Zhang , Chengzhong Xu , Zhenning Li

What if a video generation model could not only imagine a plausible future, but the correct one, accurately reflecting how the world changes with each action? We address this question by presenting the Egocentric World Model (EgoWM), a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Anurag Bagchi , Zhipeng Bao , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Yu-Xiong Wang , Pavel Tokmakov , Martial Hebert

Route-planning agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for supporting everyday human mobility through natural language interaction and tool-mediated decision making. However, systematic evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Zhiheng Song , Jingshuai Zhang , Chuan Qin , Chao Wang , Chao Chen , Longfei Xu , Kaikui Liu , Xiangxiang Chu , Hengshu Zhu

Visual tracking has made significant improvements in the past few decades. Most existing state-of-the-art trackers 1) merely aim for performance in ideal conditions while overlooking the real-world conditions; 2) adopt the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Ziang Cao , Ziyuan Huang , Liang Pan , Shiwei Zhang , Ziwei Liu , Changhong Fu

Learning to infer labels in an open world, i.e., in an environment where the target "labels" are unknown, is an important characteristic for achieving autonomy. Foundation models pre-trained on enormous amounts of data have shown remarkable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Sanjoy Kundu , Shubham Trehan , Sathyanarayanan N. Aakur

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated notable promise in autonomous driving by offering the potential for multimodal reasoning through pretraining on extensive image-text pairs. However, adapting these models from broad web-scale…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Yupeng Zhou , Can Cui , Juntong Peng , Zichong Yang , Juanwu Lu , Jitesh H Panchal , Bin Yao , Ziran Wang

Social navigation requires robots to act safely in dynamic human environments. Effective behavior demands thinking ahead: reasoning about how the scene and pedestrians evolve under different robot actions rather than reacting to current…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Tianshuai Hu , Zeying Gong , Lingdong Kong , XiaoDong Mei , Yiyi Ding , Qi Zeng , Ao Liang , Rong Li , Yangyi Zhong , Junwei Liang

Multi-agent traffic simulation is central to developing and testing autonomous driving systems. Recent data-driven simulators have achieved promising results, but rely heavily on supervised learning from labeled trajectories or semantic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Mozhgan Pourkeshavatz , Tianran Liu , Nicholas Rhinehart

Recent advances in vision-language models have enabled mobile GUI agents to perceive visual interfaces and execute user instructions, but reliable prediction of action consequences remains critical for long-horizon and high-risk…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Weikai Xu , Kun Huang , Yunren Feng , Jiaxing Li , Yuhan Chen , Yuxuan Liu , Zhizheng Jiang , Heng Qu , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Xiaolin Hu , Bo An

End-to-End Autonomous Driving (E2E-AD) systems are typically grouped by the nature of their outputs: (i) waypoint-based models that predict a future trajectory, and (ii) action-based models that directly output throttle, steer and brake.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jorge Daniel Rodríguez-Vidal , Gabriel Villalonga , Diego Porres , Antonio M. López Peña

A longstanding challenge for self-driving development is simulating dynamic driving scenarios seeded from recorded driving logs. In pursuit of this functionality, we apply tools from discrete sequence modeling to model how vehicles,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jonah Philion , Xue Bin Peng , Sanja Fidler

Driving simulation plays a crucial role in developing reliable driving agents by providing controlled, evaluative environments. To enable meaningful assessments, a high-quality driving simulator must satisfy several key requirements:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Junzhe Jiang , Nan Song , Jingyu Li , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

Planning agents are ill-equipped to act in novel situations in which their domain model no longer accurately represents the world. We introduce an approach for such agents operating in open worlds that detects the presence of novelties and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Wiktor Piotrowski , Roni Stern , Yoni Sher , Jacob Le , Matthew Klenk , Johan deKleer , Shiwali Mohan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) applications in real-world scenarios must prioritize safety and reliability, which impose strict constraints on agent behavior. Model-based RL leverages predictive world models for action planning and policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Artem Latyshev , Gregory Gorbov , Aleksandr I. Panov

Learning latent actions from action-free video has emerged as a powerful paradigm for scaling up controllable world model learning. Latent actions provide a natural interface for users to iteratively generate and manipulate videos. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zizhao Wang , Chang Shi , Jiaheng Hu , Kevin Rohling , Roberto Martín-Martín , Amy Zhang , Peter Stone

Robotic imitation learning has advanced from solving static tasks to addressing dynamic interaction scenarios, but testing and evaluation remain costly and challenging due to the need for real-time interaction with dynamic environments. We…

Unified Multimodal Models (uMMs) aim to support both visual understanding and visual generation within a shared representation. However, existing evaluation protocols assess these two capabilities independently and do not examine whether…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Weixing Wang , Liudvikas Zekas , Anton Hackl , Constantin Alexander Auga , Parisa Shahabinejad , Jona Otholt , Antonio Rueda-Toicen , Gerard de Melo

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have advanced autonomous driving, but existing benchmarks still lack scenario diversity, reliable action-level annotation, and evaluation protocols aligned with human preferences. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yuhan Hao , Zhengning Li , Lei Sun , Weilong Wang , Naixin Yi , Sheng Song , Caihong Qin , Mofan Zhou , Yifei Zhan , Xianpeng Lang

Estimating the speed of vehicles using traffic cameras is a crucial task for traffic surveillance and management, enabling more optimal traffic flow, improved road safety, and lower environmental impact. Transportation-dependent systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Lucas Liebe , Franz Sauerwald , Sylwester Sawicki , Matthias Schneider , Leo Schuhmann , Tolga Buz , Paul Boes , Ahmad Ahmadov , Gerard de Melo