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Virtual scenario-based testing methods to validate autonomous driving systems are predominantly centred around collision avoidance, and lack a comprehensive approach to evaluate optimal driving behaviour holistically. Furthermore, current…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Kethan Reddy , Elias Nassif , Panagiotis Angeloudis , Mohammed Quddus , Washington Ochieng

World generation is a fundamental capability for applications like video games, simulation, and robotics. However, existing approaches face three main obstacles: controllability, scalability, and efficiency. End-to-end scene generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Han-Hung Lee , Cheng-Yu Yang , Yu-Lun Liu , Angel X. Chang

Real-world driving requires people to observe the current environment, anticipate the future, and make appropriate driving decisions. This requirement is aligned well with the capabilities of world models, which understand the environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xiaodong Wang , Peixi Peng

Current datasets for action recognition tasks face limitations stemming from traditional collection and generation methods, including the constrained range of action classes, absence of multi-viewpoint recordings, limited diversity, poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Xingyu Song , Zhan Li , Shi Chen , Kazuyuki Demachi

World models are central to building AI agents capable of flexible reasoning and planning. Yet current evaluations (i) test only properties measurable from observed interactions, such as next-frame prediction or task return, and (ii) do not…

In this paper we introduce a general estimation methodology for learning a model of human perception and control in a sensorimotor control task based upon a finite set of demonstrations. The model's structure consists of i the agent's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Ran Wei , Anthony D. McDonald , Alfredo Garcia , Gustav Markkula , Johan Engstrom , Matthew O'Kelly

World models and video generation are pivotal technologies in the domain of autonomous driving, each playing a critical role in enhancing the robustness and reliability of autonomous systems. World models, which simulate the dynamics of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Ao Fu , Yi Zhou , Tao Zhou , Yi Yang , Bojun Gao , Qun Li , Guobin Wu , Ling Shao

Action-conditioned video prediction models (often referred to as world models) have shown strong potential for robotics applications, but existing approaches are often slow and struggle to capture physically consistent interactions over…

Autonomous inspection in hazardous environments requires AI agents that can interpret high-level goals and execute precise control. A key capability for such agents is spatial grounding, for example when a drone must center a detected…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xian Yeow Lee , Lasitha Vidyaratne , Gregory Sin , Ahmed Farahat , Chetan Gupta

Recent advances in diffusion transformers have empowered video generation models to generate high-quality video clips from texts or images. However, world models with the ability to predict long-horizon futures from past observations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yixuan Zhu , Jiaqi Feng , Wenzhao Zheng , Yuan Gao , Xin Tao , Pengfei Wan , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Current end-to-end autonomous driving planners are fundamentally reactive: they condition on historical and present observations to predict future actions. We argue that autonomous agents should instead imagine future scenes before…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Bozhou Zhang , Nan Song , Yuang Wang , Jiankang Deng , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

Recent advances in large-scale video world models have enabled increasingly realistic future prediction, raising the prospect of using generated videos as scalable supervision for robot learning. However, for embodied manipulation,…

Data-driven simulation has become a favorable way to train and test autonomous driving algorithms. The idea of replacing the actual environment with a learned simulator has also been explored in model-based reinforcement learning in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Zhejun Zhang , Alexander Liniger , Dengxin Dai , Fisher Yu , Luc Van Gool

End-to-end autonomous driving aims to generate safe and plausible planning policies from raw sensor input. Driving world models have shown great potential in learning rich representations by predicting the future evolution of a driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xingtai Gui , Meijie Zhang , Tianyi Yan , Wencheng Han , Jiahao Gong , Feiyang Tan , Cheng-zhong Xu , Jianbing Shen

Driving world models have gained increasing attention due to their ability to model complex physical dynamics. However, their superb modeling capability is yet to be fully unleashed due to the limited video diversity in current driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yuqi Wang , Ke Cheng , Jiawei He , Qitai Wang , Hengchen Dai , Yuntao Chen , Fei Xia , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Entity state tracking is a necessary component of world modeling that requires maintaining coherent representations of entities over time. Previous work has benchmarked entity tracking performance in purely text-based tasks. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Vanya Cohen , Raymond Mooney

Despite tremendous advances in AI, it remains a significant challenge to develop interactive task guidance systems that can offer situated, personalized guidance and assist humans in various tasks. These systems need to have a sophisticated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Yuwei Bao , Keunwoo Peter Yu , Yichi Zhang , Shane Storks , Itamar Bar-Yossef , Alexander De La Iglesia , Megan Su , Xiao Lin Zheng , Joyce Chai

End-to-end autonomous driving models based on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) architectures have shown promising results by learning driving policies through behavior cloning on expert demonstrations. However, imitation learning inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zihao Sheng , Xin Ye , Jingru Luo , Sikai Chen , Liu Ren

World Generation Models are emerging as a cornerstone of next-generation multimodal intelligence systems. Unlike traditional 2D visual generation, World Models aim to construct realistic, dynamic, and physically consistent 3D/4D worlds from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yiting Lu , Wei Luo , Peiyan Tu , Haoran Li , Hanxin Zhu , Zihao Yu , Xingrui Wang , Xinyi Chen , Xinge Peng , Xin Li , Zhibo Chen

World Action Models (WAMs) enable decision-making through imagined rollouts by predicting future observations and actions. However, the reliability of these imagined futures remains under-examined: is a generated future merely visually…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Bo-Kai Ruan , Teng-Fang Hsiao , Ling Lo , Hong-Han Shuai