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Action-conditioned world models are increasingly used as scalable simulators for robot learning, yet current evaluations provide limited evidence that their predictions are reliable under the actions they condition on. Existing benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tianzhuo Yang , Zihan Shen , Zirui Mi , Zhaoyi Zhang , Jiayi Zhou , Jiaming Ji , Juntao Dai , Jiawei Chen , Boyuan Chen , Yaodong Yang

Generative world models are reshaping embodied AI, enabling agents to synthesize realistic 4D driving environments that look convincing but often fail physically or behaviorally. Despite rapid progress, the field still lacks a unified way…

Today's driving world models can generate remarkably realistic dash-cam videos, yet no single model excels universally. Some generate photorealistic textures but violate basic physics; others maintain geometric consistency but fail when…

Scalable and reliable evaluation is increasingly critical in the end-to-end era of autonomous driving, where vision--language--action (VLA) policies directly map raw sensor streams to driving actions. Yet, current evaluation pipelines still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Chaoda Zheng , Sean Li , Jinhao Deng , Zhennan Wang , Shijia Chen , Liqiang Xiao , Ziheng Chi , Hongbin Lin , Kangjie Chen , Boyang Wang , Yu Zhang , Xianming Liu

A world model is an AI system that simulates how an environment evolves under actions, enabling planning through imagined futures rather than reactive perception. Current world models, however, suffer from visual conflation: the mistaken…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhikang Chen , Tingting Zhu

Achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) requires agents that learn and interact adaptively, with interactive world models providing scalable environments for perception, reasoning, and action. Yet current research still lacks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Jianjie Fang , Yingshan Lei , Qin Wan , Ziyou Wang , Yuchao Huang , Yongyan Xu , Baining Zhao , Weichen Zhang , Chen Gao , Xinlei Chen , Yong Li

Video generation models, as one form of world models, have emerged as one of the most exciting frontiers in AI, promising agents the ability to imagine the future by modeling the temporal evolution of complex scenes. In autonomous driving,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yang Zhou , Hao Shao , Letian Wang , Zhuofan Zong , Hongsheng Li , Steven L. Waslander

For end-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD), the evaluation system remains an open problem. Existing closed-loop evaluation protocols usually rely on simulators like CARLA being less realistic; while NAVSIM using real-world vision data, yet…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Junqi You , Xiaosong Jia , Zhiyuan Zhang , Yutao Zhu , Junchi Yan

A plausible scene evolution depends on the maneuver being considered, while a good maneuver depends on how the scene may evolve. Existing World Action Models (WAMs) largely miss this reciprocity, treating world prediction and action…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hongbo Lu , Liang Yao , Chenghao He , Haoyu Wang , Xiang Gu , Xianfei Li , Wenlong Liao , Tao He , Pai Peng

Video world models have achieved strong visual realism, but this does not ensure that their dynamics are truly governed by actions. In this work, we argue that action faithfulness should be understood through the compositional structure of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zijie Wang , Wei Zhang , Weiming Zhang , Fanqi Zhang , Xiao Tan , Yipeng Qin , Guanbin Li

End-to-end autonomous driving has emerged as a compelling alternative to traditional modular pipelines by directly mapping raw sensor data to driving actions. While recent approaches achieve strong performance on single-domain datasets,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hoonhee Cho , Giwon Lee , Jae-Young Kang , Hyemin Yang , Heejun Park , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Recent advances in generative foundational models, often termed "world models," have propelled interest in applying them to critical tasks like robotic planning and autonomous system training. For reliable deployment, these models must…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Rishi Upadhyay , Howard Zhang , Jim Solomon , Ayush Agrawal , Pranay Boreddy , Shruti Satya Narayana , Yunhao Ba , Alex Wong , Celso M de Melo , Achuta Kadambi

Predicting and planning interactive behaviors in complex traffic situations presents a challenging task. Especially in scenarios involving multiple traffic participants that interact densely, autonomous vehicles still struggle to interpret…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Julian Bernhard , Klemens Esterle , Patrick Hart , Tobias Kessler

Video--based world models have emerged along two dominant paradigms: video generation and 3D reconstruction. However, existing evaluation benchmarks either focus narrowly on visual fidelity and text--video alignment for generative models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Meiqi Wu , Zhixin Cai , Fufangchen Zhao , Xiaokun Feng , Rujing Dang , Bingze Song , Ruitian Tian , Jiashu Zhu , Jiachen Lei , Hao Dou , Jing Tang , Lei Sun , Jiahong Wu , Xiangxiang Chu , Zeming Liu , Kaiqi Huang

Recent breakthroughs in autonomous driving have been propelled by advances in robust world modeling, fundamentally transforming how vehicles interpret dynamic scenes and execute safe decision-making. World models have emerged as a linchpin…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Tuo Feng , Wenguan Wang , Yi Yang

We introduce the Do-Undo task and benchmark to address a critical gap in vision-language models: understanding and generating plausible scene transformations driven by real-world actions. Unlike prior work that relies on prompt-based image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Shweta Mahajan , Shreya Kadambi , Hoang Le , Rajeev Yasarla , Apratim Bhattacharyya , Munawar Hayat , Fatih Porikli

With the rapid advancement of autonomous driving technology, a lack of data has become a major obstacle to enhancing perception model accuracy. Researchers are now exploring controllable data generation using world models to diversify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Xinqing Li , Ruiqi Song , Qingyu Xie , Ye Wu , Nanxin Zeng , Yunfeng Ai

Reliable anticipation of traffic accidents is essential for advancing autonomous driving systems. However, this objective is limited by two fundamental challenges: the scarcity of diverse, high-quality training data and the frequent absence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Yanchen Guan , Haicheng Liao , Chengyue Wang , Xingcheng Liu , Jiaxun Zhang , Zhenning Li

Inspired by how humans combine direct interaction with action-free experience (e.g., videos), we study world models that learn from heterogeneous data. Standard world models typically rely on action-conditioned trajectories, which limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Marvin Alles , Xingyuan Zhang , Patrick van der Smagt , Philip Becker-Ehmck

Generative world models (WMs) can now simulate worlds with striking visual realism, which naturally raises the question of whether they can endow embodied agents with predictive perception for decision making. Progress on this question has…

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