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Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) learn an ordinary differential equation to transform prior samples into data. Flow matching (FM) has recently emerged as a simulation-free approach for training CNFs by regressing a velocity model towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-28 Tianyu Xie , Yu Zhu , Longlin Yu , Tong Yang , Ziheng Cheng , Shiyue Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang , Cheng Zhang

Diffusion models have been recently studied as powerful generative inverse problem solvers, owing to their high quality reconstructions and the ease of combining existing iterative solvers. However, most works focus on solving simple linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Jeongsol Kim , Michael T. Mccann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

Given an inverse problem with a normalizing flow prior, we wish to estimate the distribution of the underlying signal conditioned on the observations. We approach this problem as a task of conditional inference on the pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-16 Jay Whang , Erik M. Lindgren , Alexandros G. Dimakis

Diffusion models have revolutionized generative tasks through high-fidelity outputs, yet flow matching (FM) offers faster inference and empirical performance gains. However, current foundation FM models are computationally prohibitive for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Johannes Schusterbauer , Ming Gui , Frank Fundel , Björn Ommer

Geophysical inverse problems are often ill-posed and admit multiple solutions. Conventional discriminative methods typically yield a single deterministic solution, which fails to model the posterior distribution, cannot generate diverse…

Recent methods have shown that pre-trained diffusion models can be fine-tuned to enable generative inverse rendering by learning image-conditioned noise-to-intrinsic mapping. Despite their remarkable progress, they struggle to robustly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Rongjia Zheng , Qing Zhang , Chengjiang Long , Wei-Shi Zheng

Proper regularization is crucial in inverse problems to achieve high-quality reconstruction, even with an ill-conditioned measurement system. This is particularly true for three-dimensional photoacoustic tomography, which is computationally…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-26 Chao Wang , Alexandre H. Thiery

Flow matching models have emerged as a powerful method for generative modeling on domains like images or videos, and even on irregular or unstructured data like 3D point clouds or even protein structures. These models are commonly trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yuyang Wang , Anurag Ranjan , Josh Susskind , Miguel Angel Bautista

Data assimilation and scientific inverse problems require reconstructing high-dimensional physical states from sparse and noisy observations, ideally with uncertainty-aware posterior samples that remain faithful to learned priors and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Meet Hemant Parikh , Yaqin Chen , Jian-Xun Wang

This work addresses image restoration tasks through the lens of inverse problems using unpaired datasets. In contrast to traditional approaches -- which typically assume full knowledge of the forward model or access to paired degraded and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Giacomo Meanti , Thomas Ryckeboer , Michael Arbel , Julien Mairal

Video Diffusion Models (VDMs) can generate high-quality videos, but often struggle with producing temporally coherent motion. Optical flow supervision is a promising approach to address this, with prior works commonly employing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kuanting Wu , Kei Ota , Asako Kanezaki

Diffusion models (DMs) have rapidly emerged as a powerful framework for image generation and restoration. However, existing DMs are primarily trained in a supervised manner by using a large corpus of clean images. This reliance on clean…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Brett Levac , Jon Tamir , Marcelo Pereyra , Julian Tachella

Recent diffusion and flow matching models have demonstrated strong capabilities in image generation and editing by progressively removing noise through iterative sampling. While this enables flexible inversion for semantic-preserving edits,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yasong Dai , Zeeshan Hayder , David Ahmedt-Aristizabal , Hongdong Li

Generative models have shown robust performance on speech enhancement and restoration tasks, but most prior approaches operate offline with high latency, making them unsuitable for streaming applications. In this work, we investigate the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Tsun-An Hsieh , Sebastian Braun

Recently, Flow Matching models have pushed the boundaries of high-fidelity data generation across a wide range of domains. It typically employs a single large network to learn the entire generative trajectory from noise to data. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Dogyun Park , Taehoon Lee , Minseok Joo , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Flow Matching (FM) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for continuous normalizing flows, yet standard FM implicitly performs an unweighted $L^2$ regression over the entire ambient space. In high dimensions, this leads to a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Shinto Eguchi

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse imaging problems. However, their practical deployment is hindered by the substantial computational cost of slow, multi-step sampling. Although Consistency…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Amirreza Tanevardi , Pooria Abbas Rad Moghadam , Seyed Mohammad Eshtehardian , Sajjad Amini , Babak Khalaj

Flow-based latent generative models such as Stable Diffusion 3 are able to generate images with remarkable quality, even enabling photorealistic text-to-image generation. Their impressive performance suggests that these models should also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Julius Erbach , Dominik Narnhofer , Andreas Dombos , Bernt Schiele , Jan Eric Lenssen , Konrad Schindler

Sampling from unnormalized densities is analogous to the generative modeling problem, but the target distribution is defined by a known energy function instead of data samples. Because evaluating the energy function is often costly, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Aaron Havens , Brian Karrer , Neta Shaul

Nowadays massive amount of data are available for analysis in natural and social systems. Inferring system structures from the data, i.e., the inverse problem, has become one of the central issues in many disciplines and interdisciplinary…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Zhaoyang Zhang , Zhigang Zheng , Haijing Niu , Yuanyuan Mi , Si Wu , Gang Hu