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Researchers have presented systems for efficiently analysing video data at scale using sampling algorithms. While these systems effectively leverage the temporal redundancy present in videos, they suffer from three limitations. First, they…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Jaeho Bang , Pramod Chunduri , Joy Arulraj

Existing visual token compression methods for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) predominantly operate as post-encoder modules, limiting their potential for efficiency gains. To address this limitation, we propose LaCo (Layer-wise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Juntao Liu , Liqiang Niu , Wenchao Chen , Jie Zhou , Fandong Meng

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in vision, language, and video understanding tasks, scaling them to long-form speech remains a critical bottleneck due to the explosive growth of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Junseok Lee , Sangyong Lee , Chang-Jae Chun

Vision-language models (VLMs) have transformed multimodal reasoning, but feeding hundreds of visual patch tokens into LLMs incurs quadratic computational costs, straining memory and context windows. Traditional approaches face a trade-off:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Jusheng Zhang , Xiaoyang Guo , Kaitong Cai , Qinhan Lv , Yijia Fan , Wenhao Chai , Jian Wang , Keze Wang

Modern visual generative models acquire rich visual knowledge through large-scale training, yet existing visual representations (such as pixels, latents, or tokens) remain external to the model and cannot directly exploit this knowledge for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zongyu Guo , Jiajun He , Zhaoyang Jia , Xiaoyi Zhang , Jiahao Li , Xiao Li , Bin Li , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Yan Lu

In recent years, the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced, extending their capabilities to multimodal tasks through Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, video understanding remains a…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating program workflows for visual tasks. However, previous approaches often rely on closed-source models, lack systematic reasoning, and struggle with long-form video question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chenglin Li , Feng Han , Yikun Wang , Ruilin Li , Shuai Dong , Haowen Hou , Haitao Li , Qianglong Chen , Feng Tao , Jingqi Tong , Yin Zhang , Jiaqi Wang

Visual analytics have played an increasingly critical role in the Internet of Things, where massive visual signals have to be compressed and fed into machines. But facing such big data and constrained bandwidth capacity, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Yueyu Hu , Wenhan Yang , Haofeng Huang , Jiaying Liu

Vision-Language Models (vLLMs) have emerged as powerful architectures for joint reasoning over visual and textual inputs, enabling breakthroughs in image captioning, cross modal retrieval, and multimodal dialogue. However, as these models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Andrew Kiruluta , Preethi Raju , Priscilla Burity

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a variety of real-world tasks. However, existing VLMs typically process visual information by serializing images, a method that diverges significantly from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yueyan Li , Chenggong Zhao , Zeyuan Zang , Caixia Yuan , Xiaojie Wang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) usually suffer from prohibitive computational and memory costs due to the quadratic growth of visual tokens with image resolution. Existing token compression methods, while varied, often lack a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Jingyu Lei , Gaoang Wang , Der-Horng Lee

While learning based compression techniques for images have outperformed traditional methods, they have not been widely adopted in machine learning pipelines. This is largely due to lack of standardization and lack of retention of salient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Kartik Gupta , Kimberley Faria , Vikas Mehta

A fundamental aspect of compositional reasoning in a video is associating people and their actions across time. Recent years have seen great progress in general-purpose vision or video models and a move towards long-video understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Darshana Saravanan , Varun Gupta , Darshan Singh , Zeeshan Khan , Vineet Gandhi , Makarand Tapaswi

The computational and memory overheads associated with expanding the context window of LLMs severely limit their scalability. A noteworthy solution is vision-text compression (VTC), exemplified by frameworks like DeepSeek-OCR and Glyph,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Hongbo Zhao , Meng Wang , Fei Zhu , Wenzhuo Liu , Bolin Ni , Fanhu Zeng , Gaofeng Meng , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Existing video captioning approaches typically require to first sample video frames from a decoded video and then conduct a subsequent process (e.g., feature extraction and/or captioning model learning). In this pipeline, manual frame…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Yaojie Shen , Xin Gu , Kai Xu , Heng Fan , Longyin Wen , Libo Zhang

Accurately estimating task progress is critical for embodied agents to plan and execute long-horizon, multi-step tasks. Despite promising advances, existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) based methods primarily leverage their video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yuelin Zhang , Sijie Cheng , Chen Li , Zongzhao Li , Yuxin Huang , Yang Liu , Wenbing Huang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding and generating responses from diverse visual inputs, including high-resolution images and long video sequences. As these models scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junwan Kim , Hyunkyung Bae

Achieving better alignment between vision embeddings and Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing the abilities of Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), particularly for recent models that rely on powerful pretrained vision encoders and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jiachen Jiang , Jinxin Zhou , Bo Peng , Xia Ning , Zhihui Zhu

The rapid advance of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed the development of Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Monolithic VLMs, which avoid modality-specific encoders, offer a promising alternative to the compositional ones but face the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Chenxin Tao , Shiqian Su , Xizhou Zhu , Chenyu Zhang , Zhe Chen , Jiawen Liu , Wenhai Wang , Lewei Lu , Gao Huang , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Leveraging large language models (LLMs) for complex natural language tasks typically requires long-form prompts to convey detailed requirements and information, which results in increased memory usage and inference costs. To mitigate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Zongqian Li , Yinhong Liu , Yixuan Su , Nigel Collier