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Current general-purpose large language models (LLMs) commonly exhibit knowledge hallucination and insufficient domain-specific adaptability in domain-specific tasks, limiting their effectiveness in specialized question answering scenarios.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mengzheng Yang , Yanfei Ren , David Osei Opoku , Ruochang Li , Peng Ren , Chunxiao Xing

Objectives: We aim to dynamically retrieve informative demonstrations, enhancing in-context learning in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for disease classification. Methods: We propose a Retrieval-Augmented In-Context Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Zaifu Zhan , Shuang Zhou , Xiaoshan Zhou , Yongkang Xiao , Jun Wang , Jiawen Deng , He Zhu , Yu Hou , Rui Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are smart but forgetful. Recent studies, (e.g., (Bubeck et al., 2023)) on modern LLMs have shown that they are capable of performing amazing tasks typically necessitating human-level intelligence. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Eric Melz

The rapid introduction of new brand names into everyday language poses a unique challenge for e-commerce spelling correction services, which must distinguish genuine misspellings from novel brand names that use unconventional spelling. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Xuan Guo , Rohit Patki , Dante Everaert , Christopher Potts

Document understanding is critical for applications from financial analysis to scientific discovery. Current approaches, whether OCR-based pipelines feeding Large Language Models (LLMs) or native Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), face key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sensen Gao , Shanshan Zhao , Xu Jiang , Lunhao Duan , Yong Xien Chng , Qing-Guo Chen , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jia-Wang Bian , Mingming Gong

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong semantic understanding, yet struggle when user instructions involve ambiguous or conceptually misaligned terms. We propose the Language Graph Model (LGM) to enhance conceptual clarity by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Wenchang Lei , Ping Zou , Yue Wang , Feng Sun , Lei Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in character imitation, enabling immersive and engaging conversations. However, they often generate content that is irrelevant or inconsistent with a character's background. We attribute these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongjie Wang , Jonathan Leung , Zhiqi Shen

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) augments Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge, conventional single-agent RAG remains fundamentally limited in resolving complex queries demanding coordinated reasoning across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Pei Liu , Xin Liu , Ruoyu Yao , Junming Liu , Siyuan Meng , Ding Wang , Jun Ma

Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated potential in enhancing medical question-answering systems through the integration of large language models (LLMs) with external medical literature. LLMs can retrieve relevant medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Mengzhou Sun , Sendong Zhao , Jianyu Chen , Haochun Wang , Bin Qin

Retrieval-augmented large language models (LLMs) have been remarkably competent in various NLP tasks. However, it was observed by previous works that retrieval is not always helpful, especially when the LLM is already knowledgeable on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Chengkai Huang , Yu Xia , Rui Wang , Kaige Xie , Tong Yu , Julian McAuley , Lina Yao

Document retrieval systems have experienced a revitalized interest with the advent of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). RAG architecture offers a lower hallucination rate than LLM-only applications. However, the accuracy of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Kavsar Huseynova , Jafar Isbarov

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) utilizes retrieved texts to enhance large language models (LLMs). Studies show that while RAG provides valuable external information (benefit), it may also mislead LLMs (detriment) with noisy or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has greatly improved the performance of Large Language Model (LLM) responses by grounding generation with context from existing documents. These systems work well when documents are clearly relevant to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Jialin Dong , Bahare Fatemi , Bryan Perozzi , Lin F. Yang , Anton Tsitsulin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the response quality and domain-specific performance of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge to combat hallucinations. In recent research, graph structures have been…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Hao Hu , Yifan Feng , Ruoxue Li , Rundong Xue , Xingliang Hou , Zhiqiang Tian , Yue Gao , Shaoyi Du

As one of the most advanced techniques in AI, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can offer reliable and up-to-date external knowledge, providing huge convenience for numerous tasks. Particularly in the era of AI-Generated Content (AIGC),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Wenqi Fan , Yujuan Ding , Liangbo Ning , Shijie Wang , Hengyun Li , Dawei Yin , Tat-Seng Chua , Qing Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a primary technique for mitigating hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). However, incomplete knowledge extraction and insufficient understanding can still mislead LLMs to produce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Haichuan Hu , Congqing He , Xiaochen Xie , Quanjun Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrates non-parametric knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs), typically from unstructured texts and structured graphs. While recent progress has advanced text-based RAG to multi-turn reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yucan Guo , Miao Su , Saiping Guan , Zihao Sun , Xiaolong Jin , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) is shifting semantic search toward a question-answering paradigm, where users ask questions and LLMs generate responses. In high-stake domains such as law, retrieval-augmented generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Souvick Das , Sallam Abualhaija , Domenico Bianculli

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable achievements in various domains. However, the untimeliness and cost of knowledge updates coupled with hallucination issues of LLMs have curtailed their applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Chunjing Gan , Dan Yang , Binbin Hu , Hanxiao Zhang , Siyuan Li , Ziqi Liu , Yue Shen , Lin Ju , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jinjie Gu , Lei Liang , Jun Zhou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing the capabilities of large language models. However, existing RAG evaluation predominantly focuses on text retrieval and relies on opaque, end-to-end…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chuan Xu , Qiaosheng Chen , Yutong Feng , Gong Cheng