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As recommender systems are being designed and deployed for an increasing number of socially-consequential applications, it has become important to consider what properties of fairness these systems exhibit. There has been considerable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Nasim Sonboli , Robin Burke , Nicholas Mattei , Farzad Eskandanian , Tian Gao

Ensuring fairness in decentralized multi-agent systems presents significant challenges due to emergent biases, systemic inefficiencies, and conflicting agent incentives. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of fairness in multi-agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Rajesh Ranjan , Shailja Gupta , Surya Narayan Singh

In the past few years, there has been much work on incorporating fairness requirements into algorithmic rankers, with contributions coming from the data management, algorithms, information retrieval, and recommender systems communities. In…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Meike Zehlike , Ke Yang , Julia Stoyanovich

In consequential real-world applications, machine learning (ML) based systems are expected to provide fair and non-discriminatory decisions on candidates from groups defined by protected attributes such as gender and race. These…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Samiulla Shaikh , Harit Vishwakarma , Sameep Mehta , Kush R. Varshney , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy , Dennis Wei

Much of machine learning research focuses on predictive accuracy: given a task, create a machine learning model (or algorithm) that maximizes accuracy. In many settings, however, the final prediction or decision of a system is under the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Kate Donahue , Alexandra Chouldechova , Krishnaram Kenthapadi

Machine learning algorithms play an important role in a variety of important decision-making processes, including targeted advertisement displays, home loan approvals, and criminal behavior predictions. Given the far-reaching impact of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Shaojie Tang , Jing Yuan

Recent work on machine learning has begun to consider issues of fairness. In this paper, we extend the concept of fairness to recommendation. In particular, we show that in some recommendation contexts, fairness may be a multisided concept,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Robin Burke

Machine learning systems have been shown to propagate the societal errors of the past. In light of this, a wealth of research focuses on designing solutions that are "fair." Even with this abundance of work, there is no singular definition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Ninareh Mehrabi , Yuzhong Huang , Fred Morstatter

Fairness has been a critical issue that affects the adoption of deep learning models in real practice. To improve model fairness, many existing methods have been proposed and evaluated to be effective in their own contexts. However, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Junjie Yang , Jiajun Jiang , Zeyu Sun , Junjie Chen

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in recommender systems (RS) presents new challenges in understanding and evaluating their biases, which can result in unfairness or the amplification of stereotypes. Traditional fairness…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Yashar Deldjoo , Fatemeh Nazary

Striking an optimal balance between predictive performance and fairness continues to be a fundamental challenge in machine learning. In this work, we propose a post-processing framework that facilitates fairness-aware prediction by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zhouting Zhao , Tin Lok James Ng

We propose a control-theoretic interpretation of recommender systems and use this perspective to analyze how fairness interventions shape long-term system behavior. Fairness concerns arise for both users and creators, ranging from opinion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Giulia De Pasquale , Sarah Dean , Paolo Frasca

Federated learning (FL) is an effective mechanism for data privacy in recommender systems by running machine learning model training on-device. While prior FL optimizations tackled the data and system heterogeneity challenges faced by FL,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Kiwan Maeng , Haiyu Lu , Luca Melis , John Nguyen , Mike Rabbat , Carole-Jean Wu

Online educational platforms are playing a primary role in mediating the success of individuals' careers. Therefore, while building overlying content recommendation services, it becomes essential to guarantee that learners are provided with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Mirko Marras , Ludovico Boratto , Guilherme Ramos , Gianni Fenu

Machine learning (ML) algorithms have become integral to decision making in various domains, including healthcare, finance, education, and law enforcement. However, concerns about fairness and bias in these systems pose significant ethical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ahmed Rashed , Abdelkrim Kallich , Mohamed Eltayeb

Fairness in recommender systems (RSs) is commonly categorised into group fairness and individual fairness. However, there is no established scientific understanding of the relationship between the two fairness types, as prior work on both…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Theresia Veronika Rampisela , Maria Maistro , Tuukka Ruotsalo , Falk Scholer , Christina Lioma

As machine learning systems become increasingly integrated into high-stakes decision-making processes, ensuring fairness in algorithmic outcomes has become a critical concern. Methods to mitigate bias typically fall into three categories:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Brodie Oldfield , Ziqi Xu , Sevvandi Kandanaarachchi

We study fairness in collaborative-filtering recommender systems, which are sensitive to discrimination that exists in historical data. Biased data can lead collaborative-filtering methods to make unfair predictions for users from minority…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Sirui Yao , Bert Huang

Fairness is central to the ethical and responsible development and use of AI systems, with a large number of frameworks and formal notions of algorithmic fairness being available. However, many of the fairness solutions proposed revolve…

Decision-support systems are information systems that offer support to people's decisions in various applications such as judiciary, real-estate and banking sectors. Lately, these support systems have been found to be discriminatory in the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Mukund Telukunta , Venkata Sriram Siddhardh Nadendla