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Scanning near-field optical microscopy is one of the most effective techniques for spectroscopy of nanoscale systems. However, inferring optical constants from the measured near-field signal can be challenging because of a complicated and…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-19 Yueqi Zhao , Xinzhong Chen , Ziheng Yao , Mengkun Liu , Michael M. Fogler

Deep neural networks have been widely used in image denoising during the past few years. Even though they achieve great success on this problem, they are computationally inefficient which makes them inappropriate to be implemented in mobile…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-05 Lu Xu , Jiawei Zhang , Xuanye Cheng , Feng Zhang , Xing Wei , Jimmy Ren

Modern astronomical surveys are observing spectral data for millions of stars. These spectra contain chemical information that can be used to trace the Galaxy's formation and chemical enrichment history. However, extracting the information…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-26 Damien de Mijolla , Melissa Ness , Serena Viti , Adam Wheeler

Non-linear spectral decompositions of images based on one-homogeneous functionals such as total variation have gained considerable attention in the last few years. Due to their ability to extract spectral components corresponding to objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Tamara G. Grossmann , Yury Korolev , Guy Gilboa , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Large-scale and deep sky survey missions are rapidly collecting a large amount of stellar spectra, which necessitate the estimation of atmospheric parameters directly from spectra and makes it feasible to statistically investigate latent…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-13 Xiangru Li , Q. M. Jonathan Wu , Ali Luo , Yongheng Zhao , Yu Lu , Fang Zuo , Tan Yang , Yongjun Wang

Recent studies on learning-based image denoising have achieved promising performance on various noise reduction tasks. Most of these deep denoisers are trained either under the supervision of clean references, or unsupervised on synthetic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-30 Rui Zhao , Daniel P. K. Lun , Kin-Man Lam

In recent years, deep learning models have been successfully employed for augmenting low-resolution cosmological simulations with small-scale information, a task known as "super-resolution". So far, these cosmological super-resolution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-14 Andreas Schanz , Florian List , Oliver Hahn

In the current panorama of large surveys, the vast amount of data obtained with different methods, data types, formats, and stellar samples, is making an efficient use of the available information difficult. The Survey of Surveys is a…

Micro-Doppler analysis has become increasingly popular in recent years owning to the ability of the technique to enhance classification strategies. Applications include recognising everyday human activities, distinguishing drone from birds,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-16 Chong Tang , Wenda Li , Shelly Vishwakarma , Karl Woodbridge , Simon Julier , Kevin Chetty

We explore novel methods of recovering the original spectral line profiles from data obtained by instruments that sample those profiles with an extended or multipeaked spectral transmission profile. The techniques are tested on data…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-13 Momchil Molnar , Kevin Reardon , Christopher Osborne , Ivan Milić

The discrepancies between theoretical and observed spectra, and the systematic differences between various spectroscopic parameter estimates, complicate the determination of atmospheric parameters of M-type stars. In this work, we present…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-23 Bing Du , A-Li Luo , Song Wang , Yinbi Li , Cai-Xia Qu , Xiao Kong , Yan-xin Guo , Yi-han Song , Fang Zuo

Incoherent processing for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a promising approach that enables low implementation costs, simplified hardware designs and operations in high frequency spectrum compared to the conventional imaging methods using…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Samia Kazemi , Bariscan Yonel , Birsen Yazici

Despite their successes in the field of self-learning AI, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) suffer from having too many trainable parameters, impacting computational performance. Several approaches have been proposed to reduce the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Sebastiaan Koning , Caspar Greeven , Eric Postma

Poisson distribution is used for modeling noise in photon-limited imaging. While canonical examples include relatively exotic types of sensing like spectral imaging or astronomy, the problem is relevant to regular photography now more than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-01-09 Tal Remez , Or Litany , Raja Giryes , Alex M. Bronstein

We present a deep neural network to reduce coherent noise in three-dimensional quantitative phase imaging. Inspired by the cycle generative adversarial network, the denoising network was trained to learn a transform between two image…

We implemented non-solar-scaled opacities in a simultaneous derivation of fundamental parameters and abundances. We carried out a high-precision stellar parameters and abundance determination by applying non-solar-scaled opacities and model…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 C. Saffe , M. Flores , P. Miquelarena , F. M. Lopez , M. Jaque Arancibia , A. Collado , E. Jofre , R. Petrucci

The Transformer architecture has revolutionized the field of deep learning over the past several years in diverse areas, including natural language processing, code generation, image recognition, time series forecasting, etc. We propose to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-30 Hyosun Park , Yongsik Jo , Seokun Kang , Taehwan Kim , M. James Jee

Context: JWST has enabled transmission spectroscopy at unprecedented precision, but stellar heterogeneities (spots and faculae) remain a dominant contamination source that can bias atmospheric retrievals if uncorrected. Aims: We present a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 David S. Duque-Castaño , Lauren Flor-Torres , Jorge I. Zuluaga

In the study of condensed matter physics, spectral information plays an important role for understand the mechanism of materials. However, it is difficult to obtain the spectrum directly through experiments or simulation. For example, the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-12-23 Haidong Xie , Xueshuang Xiang , Yuanqing Chen

We present a deep neural network for removing undesirable shading features from an unconstrained portrait image, recovering the underlying texture. Our training scheme incorporates three regularization strategies: masked loss, to emphasize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Joshua Weir , Junhong Zhao , Andrew Chalmers , Taehyun Rhee