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We have defined the Conscious Turing Machine (CTM) for the purpose of investigating a Theoretical Computer Science (TCS) approach to consciousness. For this, we have hewn to the TCS demand for simplicity and understandability. The CTM is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Lenore Blum , Manuel Blum

The search for a scientific theory of consciousness should result in theories that are falsifiable. However, here we show that falsification is especially problematic for theories of consciousness. We formally describe the standard…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-04-29 Johannes Kleiner , Erik Hoel

In an effort to simplify the complexity in the studies of consciousness, the author suggests to divide the conscious experiences into a fundamental state, the intrinsic awareness (IA), and functions of this fundamental state. IA does not…

General Physics · Physics 2013-11-04 Weili Luo

AI technology has a long history which is actively and constantly changing and growing. It focuses on intelligent agents, which contain devices that perceive the environment and based on which takes actions in order to maximize goal success…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-05 Jahanzaib Shabbir , Tarique Anwer

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) has renewed interest in building systems that learn and think like people. Many advances have come from using deep neural networks trained end-to-end in tasks such as object recognition, video…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-03 Brenden M. Lake , Tomer D. Ullman , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Samuel J. Gershman

Over the past decade, AI has made a remarkable progress. It is agreed that this is due to the recently revived Deep Learning technology. Deep Learning enables to process large amounts of data using simplified neuron networks that simulate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-19 Emanuel Diamant

It is generally accepted that machines can replicate cognitive tasks performed by conscious agents as long as they are not based on the capacity of awareness. We consider several views on the nature of subjective awareness, which is…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Subhash Kak

Although the conscious state is considered an emergent property of the underlying brain activity and thus somehow resides on brain hardware, there is a non-univocal mapping between both. Given a neural hardware, multiple conscious patterns…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-12-10 Ricard V. Sole

Today's AI systems consistently state, "I am not conscious." This paper presents the first formal analysis of AI consciousness denial, revealing that the trustworthiness of such self-reports is not merely an empirical question but is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Chang-Eop Kim

We survey concepts at the frontier of research connecting artificial, animal and human cognition to computation and information processing---from the Turing test to Searle's Chinese Room argument, from Integrated Information Theory to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-25 Nicolas Gauvrit , Hector Zenil , Jesper Tegnér

The review analyzes the fundamental principles which Artificial Intelligence should be based on in order to imitate the realistic process of taking decisions by humans experiencing emotions. Two approaches are compared, one based on quantum…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-24 V. I. Yukalov

We may soon develop highly human-like AIs that appear-or perhaps even are-sentient, capable of subjective experiences such as happiness and suffering. Regardless of whether AI can achieve true sentience, it is crucial to anticipate and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Lucius Caviola

The multifaceted nature of subjective experience poses a challenge to the study of consciousness. Traditional neuroscientific approaches often concentrate on isolated facets, such as perceptual awareness or the global state of consciousness…

According to the Integrated Information Theory of Consciousness, consciousness is a fundamental observer-independent property of physical systems, and the measure Phi of integrated information is identical to the quantity or level of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-02-13 Adam B. Barrett , Pedro A. M. Mediano

This paper explores the hypothesis that the OpenAI-o1 model--a transformer-based AI trained with reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF)--displays characteristics of consciousness during its training and inference phases. Adopting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Victoria Violet Hoyle

This is a skeptical overview of the literature on AI consciousness. We will soon create AI systems that are conscious according to some influential, mainstream theories of consciousness but are not conscious according to other influential,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Eric Schwitzgebel

Current research on Internet of Things (IoT) mainly focuses on how to enable general objects to see, hear, and smell the physical world for themselves, and make them connected to share the observations. In this paper, we argue that only…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-03-12 Qihui Wu , Guoru Ding , Yuhua Xu , Shuo Feng , Zhiyong Du , Jinlong Wang , Keping Long

The Turing Test is no longer adequate for distinguishing human and machine intelligence. With advanced artificial intelligence systems already passing the original Turing Test and contributing to serious ethical and environmental concerns,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Adam Winchell

Integrated information theory (IIT) starts from the existence of consciousness and characterizes its essential properties: every experience is intrinsic, specific, unitary, definite, and structured. IIT then formulates existence and its…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-20 William G. P. Mayner , William Marshall , Giulio Tononi

A common vision from science fiction is that robots will one day inhabit our physical spaces, sense the world as we do, assist our physical labours, and communicate with us through natural language. Here we study how to design artificial…

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