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A considerable portion of the machine learning literature applied to intrusion detection uses outdated data sets based on a simulated network with a limited environment. Moreover, flaws usually appear in datasets and the way we handle them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Veronica del Carmen Estrada

The advancement in wireless communication technologies is becoming more demanding and pervasive. One of the fundamental parameters that limit the efficiency of the network are the security challenges. The communication network is vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Misbah Shafi , Rakesh Kumar Jha , Sanjeev Jain

Recent advances in Natural Language Processing, and in particular on the construction of very large pre-trained language representation models, is opening up new perspectives on the construction of conversational information seeking (CIS)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Patrizio Bellan , Mauro Dragoni , Chiara Ghidini

Machine learning has shown promise in network intrusion detection systems, yet its performance often degrades due to concept drift and imbalanced data. These challenges are compounded by the labor-intensive process of labeling network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Ragini Gupta , Shinan Liu , Ruixiao Zhang , Xinyue Hu , Xiaoyang Wang , Hadjer Benkraouda , Pranav Kommaraju , Phuong Cao , Nick Feamster , Klara Nahrstedt

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are a proven approach to secure networks. However, in a privately used network, it is difficult for users without cybersecurity expertise to understand IDS alerts, and to respond in time with adequate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Victor Jüttner , Martin Grimmer , Erik Buchmann

Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) ensure protection against malicious attacks on networked systems. While deep learning-based IDSs achieve effective performance, their limited trustworthiness due to black-box architectures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Francesco Vitale , Francesco Grimaldi , Massimiliano Rak , Nicola Mazzocca

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent a significant challenge in cybersecurity due to their sophisticated and stealthy nature. Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) often fall short in detecting these multi-stage attacks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Atmane Ayoub Mansour Bahar , Kamel Soaid Ferrahi , Mohamed-Lamine Messai , Hamida Seba , Karima Amrouche

Negation remains a persistent challenge for modern language models, often causing reversed meanings or factual errors. In this work, we conduct a causal analysis of how GPT-2 Small internally processes such linguistic transformations. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Abdullah Al Mofael , Lisa M. Kuhn , Ghassan Alkadi , Kuo-Pao Yang

This study explores the limitations of traditional Cybersecurity Awareness and Training (CSAT) programs and proposes an innovative solution using Generative Pre-Trained Transformers (GPT) to address these shortcomings. Traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Nabil Al-Dhamari , Nathan Clarke

Transformer-based models, such as BERT and GPT, have been widely adopted in natural language processing (NLP) due to their exceptional performance. However, recent studies show their vulnerability to textual adversarial attacks where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Lujia Shen , Yuwen Pu , Shouling Ji , Changjiang Li , Xuhong Zhang , Chunpeng Ge , Ting Wang

All data on the Internet are transferred by network traffic, thus accurately modeling network traffic can help improve network services quality and protect data privacy. Pretrained models for network traffic can utilize large-scale raw data…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Xuying Meng , Chungang Lin , Yequan Wang , Yujun Zhang

Wi-Fi networks are ubiquitous in both home and enterprise environments, serving as a primary medium for Internet access and forming the backbone of modern IoT ecosystems. However, their inherent vulnerabilities, combined with widespread…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Rayed Suhail Ahmad , Rehan Ahmad , Quamar Niyaz

Security classifiers, designed to detect malicious content in computer systems and communications, can underperform when provided with insufficient training data. In the security domain, it is often easy to find samples of the negative…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Alexander P. Welsh , Matthew Edwards

Large language models (LLMs) have notably enhanced the fluency and diversity of machine-generated text. However, this progress also presents a significant challenge in detecting the origin of a given text, and current research on detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Xianjun Yang , Wei Cheng , Yue Wu , Linda Petzold , William Yang Wang , Haifeng Chen

The Internet has become a prime subject to security attacks and intrusions by attackers. These attacks can lead to system malfunction, network breakdown, data corruption or theft. A network intrusion detection system (IDS) is a tool used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Tanwir Ahmad , Dragos Truscan , Juri Vain , Ivan Porres

In the Internet of Things (IoT) devices are exposed to various kinds of attacks when connected to the Internet. An attack detection mechanism that understands the limitations of these severely resource-constrained devices is necessary. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Nidhi Rastogi , James Hendler

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have led to the development of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT. This paper proposes a methodology for developing and evaluating ChatGPT detectors for French text, with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Wissam Antoun , Virginie Mouilleron , Benoît Sagot , Djamé Seddah

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) aim to detect the presence of an intruder by analyzing network packets arriving at an internet connected device. Data-driven deep learning systems, popular due to their superior performance compared…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Shreya Ghosh , Abu Shafin Mohammad Mahdee Jameel , Aly El Gamal

Anomaly detection is represented as an unsupervised learning to identify deviated images from normal images. In general, there are two main challenges of anomaly detection tasks, i.e., the class imbalance and the unexpectedness of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Shuting Yan , Pingping Chen , Honghui Chen , Huan Mao , Feng Chen , Zhijian Lin

Most of the intrusion detection methods in computer networks are based on traffic flow characteristics. However, this approach may not fully exploit the potential of deep learning algorithms to directly extract features and patterns from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Aleksander Ogonowski , Michał Żebrowski , Arkadiusz Ćwiek , Tobiasz Jarosiewicz , Konrad Klimaszewski , Adam Padee , Piotr Wasiuk , Michał Wójcik