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Data scarcity and the modality gap between the speech and text modalities are two major obstacles of end-to-end Speech Translation (ST) systems, thus hindering their performance. Prior work has attempted to mitigate these challenges by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ioannis Tsiamas , Gerard I. Gállego , José A. R. Fonollosa , Marta R. Costa-jussà

End-to-End Speech Translation (E2E-ST) has seen significant advancements, yet current models are primarily benchmarked on curated, "clean" datasets. This overlooks critical real-world challenges, such as morphological robustness to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Abderrahmane Issam , Yusuf Can Semerci , Jan Scholtes , Gerasimos Spanakis

Consistency regularization methods, such as R-Drop (Liang et al., 2021) and CrossConST (Gao et al., 2023), have achieved impressive supervised and zero-shot performance in the neural machine translation (NMT) field. Can we also boost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Pengzhi Gao , Ruiqing Zhang , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

We present a textless speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) system that can translate speech from one language into another language and can be built without the need of any text data. Different from existing work in the literature, we tackle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Ann Lee , Hongyu Gong , Paul-Ambroise Duquenne , Holger Schwenk , Peng-Jen Chen , Changhan Wang , Sravya Popuri , Yossi Adi , Juan Pino , Jiatao Gu , Wei-Ning Hsu

Existing speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) models fall into two camps: they either leverage text as an intermediate step or require hundreds of hours of parallel speech data. Both approaches are incompatible with textless languages or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Anuj Diwan , Anirudh Srinivasan , David Harwath , Eunsol Choi

We propose a) a Language Agnostic end-to-end Speech Translation model (LAST), and b) a data augmentation strategy to increase code-switching (CS) performance. With increasing globalization, multiple languages are increasingly used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Christian Huber , Enes Yavuz Ugan , Alexander Waibel

Benefiting from the development of deep learning, text-to-speech (TTS) techniques using clean speech have achieved significant performance improvements. The data collected from real scenes often contains noise and generally needs to be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Qiushi Zhu , Yu Gu , Rilin Chen , Chao Weng , Yuchen Hu , Lirong Dai , Jie Zhang

Speech-to-speech translation combines machine translation with speech synthesis, introducing evaluation challenges not present in either task alone. How to automatically evaluate speech-to-speech translation is an open question which has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Elizabeth Salesky , Julian Mäder , Severin Klinger

Recent studies demonstrate the effectiveness of Self Supervised Learning (SSL) speech representations for Speech Inversion (SI). However, applying SI in real-world scenarios remains challenging due to the pervasive presence of background…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Saba Tabatabaee , Carol Espy-Wilson

End-to-end speech translation models have become a new trend in research due to their potential of reducing error propagation. However, these models still suffer from the challenge of data scarcity. How to effectively use unlabeled or other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Rong Ye , Mingxuan Wang , Lei Li

Recent work in the domain of speech enhancement has explored the use of self-supervised speech representations to aid in the training of neural speech enhancement models. However, much of this work focuses on using the deepest or final…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-27 George Close , William Ravenscroft , Thomas Hain , Stefan Goetze

Code-switching is a widely prevalent linguistic phenomenon in multilingual societies like India. Building speech-to-text models for code-switched speech is challenging due to limited availability of datasets. In this work, we focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Bhavani Shankar , Preethi Jyothi , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

The success of end-to-end speech-to-text translation (ST) is often achieved by utilizing source transcripts, e.g., by pre-training with automatic speech recognition (ASR) and machine translation (MT) tasks, or by introducing additional ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Qingkai Fang , Yang Feng

Recently, speech-to-text translation has attracted more and more attention and many studies have emerged rapidly. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on direct speech translation aiming to summarize the current state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Chen Xu , Rong Ye , Qianqian Dong , Chengqi Zhao , Tom Ko , Mingxuan Wang , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Neural transducers have been widely used in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this paper, we introduce it to streaming end-to-end speech translation (ST), which aims to convert audio signals to texts in other languages directly.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Jian Xue , Peidong Wang , Jinyu Li , Matt Post , Yashesh Gaur

Code-switching (CS) speech translation (ST) aims to translate speech that alternates between multiple languages into a target language text, posing significant challenges due to the complexity of semantic modeling and the scarcity of CS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yan Gao , Yazheng Yang , Zhibin Lan , Yidong Chen , Min Zhang , Daimeng Wei , Derek F. Wong , Jinsong Su

Nowadays, training end-to-end neural models for spoken language translation (SLT) still has to confront with extreme data scarcity conditions. The existing SLT parallel corpora are indeed orders of magnitude smaller than those available for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Mattia Antonino Di Gangi , Matteo Negri , Marco Turchi

Auto-regressive speech-text models pre-trained on interleaved text tokens and discretized speech tokens demonstrate strong speech understanding and generation, yet remain substantially less compute-efficient than text LLMs, partly due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yen-Ju Lu , Yashesh Gaur , Wei Zhou , Benjamin Muller , Jesus Villalba , Najim Dehak , Luke Zettlemoyer , Gargi Ghosh , Mike Lewis , Srinivasan Iyer , Duc Le

The end-to-end architecture has made promising progress in speech translation (ST). However, the ST task is still challenging under low-resource conditions. Most ST models have shown unsatisfactory results, especially in the absence of word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Yao-Fei Cheng , Hung-Shin Lee , Hsin-Min Wang

Speech translation (ST) aims to learn transformations from speech in the source language to the text in the target language. Previous works show that multitask learning improves the ST performance, in which the recognition decoder generates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Shun-Po Chuang , Tzu-Wei Sung , Alexander H. Liu , Hung-yi Lee