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For over 40 years lithographic silicon scaling has driven circuit integration and performance improvement in the semiconductor industry. As silicon scaling slows down, the industry is increasingly dependent on IC package technologies to…
Direct observation of nanoscale transformations in three dimensions (3D) is essential for understanding materials evolution under operating conditions, yet dynamic electron tomography remains limited by slow tilt series acquisition and by…
Reverse engineering can be used to derive a 3D model of an existing physical part when such a model is not readily available. For parts that will be fabricated with subtractive and formative manufacturing processes, existing reverse…
The ability to gain insights into the 3D properties of artificial or biological systems is often critical. However, 3D structures are difficult to retrieve at low dose and with extremely fast processing, as most techniques are based on…
Reconstructing an image from noisy and incomplete measurements is a central task in several image processing applications. In recent years, state-of-the-art reconstruction methods have been developed based on recent advances in deep…
Ion thruster is a revolution technology with potential applications in space mission but the thrusters operation lifetime is limited by the sputtering from thruster components. In this work, molecular dynamic simulations are performed to…
In this paper, we consider the imaging problem of terahertz (THz) tomography, in particular as it appears in non-destructive testing. We derive a nonlinear mathematical model describing a full THz tomography experiment, and consider linear…
In this article we present a review of the Radon transform and the instability of the tomographic reconstruction process. We show some new mathematical results in tomography obtained by a variational formulation of the reconstruction…
Modern computer vision algorithms have brought significant advancement to 3D geometry reconstruction. However, illumination and material reconstruction remain less studied, with current approaches assuming very simplified models for…
The key to photoelectric X-ray polarimetry is the determination of the emission direction of photoelectrons. Because of the low mass of an electron, the ionisation trajectory is not straight and the useful information needed for polarimetry…
Eigenstrain tomography combines diffraction-based strain measurement with elasticity theory to reconstruct full three-dimensional residual stress fields within solids. Notwithstanding a number of recent examples, the uniqueness of such…
New techniques for imaging electromagnetic near-fields in nanostructures drive advancements in nanotechnology, optoelectronics, materials science, and biochemistry. Most existing techniques probe near-fields along surfaces, lacking the…
The problem of determining three-dimensional density fields from single two-dimensional projections is hopelessly underdetermined without additional assumptions. While parameterized inversions are typically used to solve this problem, we…
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive medical imaging modality utilizing the current-density/voltage data measured on the surface of the subject. Calder\'on's method is a relatively recent EIT imaging algorithm that is…
Cutting edge deep learning techniques allow for image segmentation with great speed and accuracy. However, application to problems in materials science is often difficult since these complex models may have difficultly learning physical…
This work presents a more detailed analysis of the process of magnetic reconnection as promising ion beam accelerator mechanism with possible applications in laboratory plasmas and, more importantly, in the plasma propulsion field. In a…
Nondestructive testing (NDT) is widely applied to defect identification of turbine components during manufacturing and operation. Operational efficiency is key for gas turbine OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturers). Automating the…
A recently developed Projection-based Digital Image Correlation (P-DVC) method is here extended to 4D (space and time) displacement field measurement and mechanical identification based on a single radiograph per loading step instead of…
Radiography is often used to probe complex, evolving density fields in dynamic systems and in so doing gain insight into the underlying physics. This technique has been used in numerous fields including materials science, shock physics,…
Plasma chemistry of main air components is implemented in a hybrid 2D axisymmetric simulation code to assess the air-breathing concept in an electrodeless plasma thruster. Relevant electron-heavy species collisions for diatomic molecules…