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Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has recently become a premier method for obtaining high-resolution structures of biological macromolecules. However, it is limited to biomolecular samples with low conformational heterogeneity, where all…

A crucial step in single particle analysis (SPA) of cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM), 2D classification and alignment takes a collection of noisy particle images to infer orientations and group similar images together. Averaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Supawit Chockchowwat , Chandrajit L. Bajaj

Accurate wireless localization underpins applications from autonomous systems to smart infrastructure. We study the mean-squared error (MSE) and conditional MSE (CMSE) of a practical fusion-based estimator in d-dimensional, stationary…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Mengqi Ma , Aihua Xia

Context. The best precision that can be achieved to estimate the location of a stellar-like object is a topic of permanent interest in the astrometric community. Aims. We analyse bounds for the best position estimation of a stellar-like…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-26 Alex Echeverria , Jorge F. Silva , Rene A. Mendez , Marcos Orchard

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) enables the atomic-resolution visualization of biomolecules; however, modern direct detectors generate data volumes that far exceed the available storage and transfer bandwidth, thereby constraining…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Zain Shabeeb , Daniel Saeedi , Darin Tsui , Vida Jamali , Amirali Aghazadeh

Realizing high-throughput aberration-corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) exploration of atomic structures requires rapid tuning of multipole probe correctors while compensating for the inevitable drift of the optical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Utkarsh Pratiush , Austin Houston , Richard Liu , Gerd Duscher , Sergei Kalinin

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) enables single-particle analysis of biological macromolecules under strict low-dose imaging conditions, but the resulting micrographs often exhibit extremely low signal-to-noise ratios and weak particle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiaoqi Wu , Xueying Zhan , Wen Li , Junhao Wu , Xin Huang , Min Xu

Understanding protein flexibility and its dynamic interactions with other molecules is essential for studying protein function. Although cryogenic electron microscopy(cryo-EM) provides an opportunity to observe macromolecular dynamics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Bintao He , Yiran Cheng , Hongjia Li , Xiang Gao , Xin Gao , Fa Zhang , Renmin Han

Objective: Sparse Bayesian learning provides an effective scheme to solve the high-dimensional problem in brain signal decoding. However, traditional assumptions regarding data distributions such as Gaussian and binomial are potentially…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-19 Yuanhao Li , Badong Chen , Wenjun Bai , Yasuharu Koike , Okito Yamashita

Aligning electron density maps from Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a first key step for studying multiple conformations of a biomolecule. As this step remains costly and challenging, with standard alignment tools being…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-19 A. Tajmir Riahi , G. Woollard , F. Poitevin , A. Condon , K. Dao Duc

Cryo-EM is a transformational paradigm in molecular biology where computational methods are used to infer 3D molecular structure at atomic resolution from extremely noisy 2D electron microscope images. At the forefront of research is how to…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-12 Shayan Shekarforoush , David B. Lindell , Marcus A. Brubaker , David J. Fleet

The computational pipelines of single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) include an early particle-picking stage, in which a micrograph or tomogram is scanned to extract candidate particles,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Amnon Balanov , Alon Zabatani , Tamir Bendory

Holographic MIMO (HMIMO) has recently been recognized as a promising enabler for future 6G systems through the use of an ultra-massive number of antennas in a compact space to exploit the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-06 Wentao Yu , Hengtao He , Xianghao Yu , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Ross D. Murch , Khaled B. Letaief

Understanding the applicability and limitations of electronic-structure methods needs careful and efficient comparison with accurate reference data. Knowledge of the quality and errors of electronic-structure calculations is crucial to…

Pose estimation from unordered images is fundamental for 3D reconstruction, robotics, and scientific imaging. Recent geometric foundation models, such as DUSt3R, enable end-to-end dense 3D reconstruction but remain underexplored in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jiakai Zhang , Shouchen Zhou , Haizhao Dai , Xinhang Liu , Peihao Wang , Zhiwen Fan , Yuan Pei , Jingyi Yu

The central problem in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is to recover the 3D structure from noisy 2D projection images which requires estimating the missing projection angles (poses). Recent methods attempted to solve the 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Lin Yao , Ruihan Xu , Zhifeng Gao , Guolin Ke , Yuhang Wang

Real-world robotics applications demand object pose estimation methods that work reliably across a variety of scenarios. Modern learning-based approaches require large labeled datasets and tend to perform poorly outside the training domain.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Jingnan Shi , Rajat Talak , Dominic Maggio , Luca Carlone

We consider the problem of estimating a random state vector when there is information about the maximum distances between its subvectors. The estimation problem is posed in a Bayesian framework in which the minimum mean square error (MMSE)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-30 Dave Zachariah , Isaac Skog , Magnus Jansson , Peter Händel

Evaluation in scientific reconstruction is dominated by pointwise metrics - RMSE, MAE, per-event resolution - under the implicit assumption that lower error means better reconstruction. We show that this assumption fails structurally for…

Many imaging modalities involve reconstruction of unknown objects from collections of noisy projections related by random rotations. In one of these modalities, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), the extremely low signal-to-noise…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Joakim Andén , Justus Sagemüller