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We propose a novel method to detect and visualize malware through image classification. The executable binaries are represented as grayscale images obtained from the count of N-grams (N=2) of bytes in the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Tajuddin Manhar Mohammed , Lakshmanan Nataraj , Satish Chikkagoudar , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , B. S. Manjunath

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in various real-world applications. However, GNNs may be trained on undesirable graph data, which can degrade their performance and reliability. To enable trained GNNs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jiahao Zhang , Lin Wang , Shijie Wang , Wenqi Fan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) find applications in various domains such as computational biology, natural language processing, and computer security. Owing to their popularity, there is an increasing need to explain GNN predictions since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Mert Kosan , Zexi Huang , Sourav Medya , Sayan Ranu , Ambuj Singh

Graphs are used widely to model complex systems, and detecting anomalies in a graph is an important task in the analysis of complex systems. Graph anomalies are patterns in a graph that do not conform to normal patterns expected of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Hwan Kim , Byung Suk Lee , Won-Yong Shin , Sungsu Lim

Recently, subgraphs-enhanced Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) have been introduced to enhance the expressive power of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which was proved to be not higher than the 1-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman isomorphism test. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Michele Guerra , Indro Spinelli , Simone Scardapane , Filippo Maria Bianchi

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are among the most powerful tools in deep learning. They routinely solve complex problems on unstructured networks, such as node classification, graph classification, or link prediction, with high accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Maciej Besta , Torsten Hoefler

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful and flexible neural networks that use the naturally sparse connectivity information of the data. GNNs represent this connectivity as sparse matrices, which have lower arithmetic intensity and thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Alok Tripathy , Katherine Yelick , Aydin Buluc

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a popular choice in vulnerability detection studies given their foundational capabilities, open source availability, and variety of models, but have limited scalability due to extensive compute…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Miles Farmer , Ekincan Ufuktepe , Anne Watson , Hialo Muniz Carvalho , Vadim Okun , Zineb Maasaoui , Kannappan Palaniappan

As one of the most popular machine learning models today, graph neural networks (GNNs) have attracted intense interest recently, and so does their explainability. Users are increasingly interested in a better understanding of GNN models and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Kenza Amara , Rex Ying , Zitao Zhang , Zhihao Han , Yinan Shan , Ulrik Brandes , Sebastian Schemm , Ce Zhang

Over past years, the manually methods to create detection rules were no longer practical in the anti-malware product since the number of malware threats has been growing. Thus, the turn to the machine learning approaches is a promising way…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Khanh Huu The Dam , Charles-Henry Bertrand Van Ouytsel , Axel Legay

As an increasing number of deep-learning-based malware scanners have been proposed, the existing evasion techniques, including code obfuscation and polymorphic malware, are found to be less effective. In this work, we propose a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Lan Zhang , Peng Liu , Yoon-Ho Choi , Ping Chen

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph learning tasks. However, recent studies show that GNNs are vulnerable to both test-time evasion and training-time poisoning attacks that perturb the graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Binghui Wang , Meng Pang , Yun Dong

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have gained significant popularity due to the powerful capability to extract useful representations from graph data. As the need for efficient GNN computation intensifies, a variety of programming abstractions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yingjie Qi , Jianlei Yang , Ao Zhou , Tong Qiao , Chunming Hu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated remarkable results in various real-world applications, including drug discovery, object detection, social media analysis, recommender systems, and text classification. In contrast to their vast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nícolas Roque dos Santos , Dawon Ahn , Diego Minatel , Alneu de Andrade Lopes , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

This study explores the effectiveness of graph neural networks (GNNs) for vulnerability detection in software code, utilizing a real-world dataset of Java vulnerability-fixing commits. The dataset's structure, based on the number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ravil Mussabayev

Narrowing the performance gap between optimal and feasible detection in inter-symbol interference (ISI) channels, this paper proposes to use graph neural networks (GNNs) for detection that can also be used to perform joint detection and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jannis Clausius , Marvin Rübenacke , Daniel Tandler , Stephan ten Brink

Explaining Graph Neural Network (XGNN) has gained growing attention to facilitate the trust of using GNNs, which is the mainstream method to learn graph data. Despite their growing attention, Existing XGNNs focus on improving the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Jiate Li , Meng Pang , Yun Dong , Jinyuan Jia , Binghui Wang

In this paper we present an elaborated graph-based algorithmic technique for efficient malware detection. More precisely, we utilize the system-call dependency graphs (or, for short ScD graphs), obtained by capturing taint analysis traces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-12-31 Stavros D. Nikolopoulos , Iosif Polenakis

Current anti-money laundering (AML) systems, predominantly rule-based, exhibit notable shortcomings in efficiently and precisely detecting instances of money laundering. As a result, there has been a recent surge toward exploring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Fredrik Johannessen , Martin Jullum

As the security landscape evolves over time, where thousands of species of malicious codes are seen every day, antivirus vendors strive to detect and classify malware families for efficient and effective responses against malware campaigns.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-06-08 Jae-wook Jang , Jiyoung Woo , Aziz Mohaisen , Jaesung Yun , Huy Kang Kim