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Long-context Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demand substantial computational resources for inference as the growth of their multimodal Key-Value (KV) cache, in response to increasing input lengths, challenges memory and time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Zhongwei Wan , Ziang Wu , Che Liu , Jinfa Huang , Zhihong Zhu , Peng Jin , Longyue Wang , Li Yuan

Time series data is fundamental to decision-making across many domains including healthcare, finance, power systems, and logistics. However, analyzing this data correctly often requires incorporating unstructured contextual information,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Felix Parker , Nimeesha Chan , Chi Zhang , Kimia Ghobadi

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have achieved huge success in the natural language processing (NLP) field, driving a growing demand to extend their deployment from the cloud to edge devices. However, deploying LLMs on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Yanbiao Liang , Huihong Shi , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), serving LLM inference requests has become an increasingly important task, attracting active research advancements. Practical workloads play an essential role in this process:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yuxing Xiang , Xue Li , Kun Qian , Wenyuan Yu , Ennan Zhai , Xin Jin

Multi-turn dialogues and context-intensive tasks challenge Large Language Models (LLMs) to integrate long histories without sacrificing generation quality. Although prefix LLMs can better exploit historical context via bidirectional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 HaoYuan Hu , Mingcong Lu , Di Luo , XinYa Wu , Jiangcai Zhu , Taoye Yin , Zheng Li , Hao Wang , Shusheng Zhang , KeZun Zhang , KaiLai Shao , Chao Chen , Feng Wang

Prefix-sharing among multiple prompts presents opportunities to combine the operations of the shared prefix, while attention computation in the decode stage, which becomes a critical bottleneck with increasing context lengths, is a…

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance rapidly, they are becoming increasingly capable while simultaneously demanding ever-longer context lengths. To improve the inference efficiency of long-context processing, several novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Qihang Fan , Huaibo Huang , Zhiying Wu , Bingning Wang , Ran He

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been able to handle longer and longer contexts. However, a context that is too long may cause intolerant inference latency and GPU memory usage. Existing methods propose mixed-precision…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Wei Tao , Bin Zhang , Xiaoyang Qu , Jiguang Wan , Jianzong Wang

Scaling the input context length of a large language model (LLM) incurs a significant increase in computation cost and memory footprint to maintain the attention key-value (KV) cache. Existing KV cache compression methods suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Yuxiang Huang , Binhang Yuan , Xu Han , Chaojun Xiao , Zhiyuan Liu

Large language models~(LLMs) are known for their high demand on computing resources and memory due to their substantial model size, which leads to inefficient inference on moderate GPU systems. Techniques like quantization or pruning can…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Wenxiang Lin , Xinglin Pan , Shaohuai Shi , Xuan Wang , Xiaowen Chu

Large Language Models (LLMs) in agentic workflows combine multi-step reasoning, heterogeneous tool use, and collaboration across multiple specialized agents. Existing LLM serving engines optimize individual calls in isolation, while…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Junyi Shen , Noppanat Wadlom , Yao Lu

This work focuses on the task of query-based meeting summarization in which the summary of a context (meeting transcript) is generated in response to a specific query. When using Large Language Models (LLMs) for this task, usually a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Elena Khasanova , Xue-Yong Fu , Cheng Chen , Shashi Bhushan TN

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become the new foundation for many applications, reshaping human society like a storm. Disaggregated inference, which separates prefill and decode stages, is a promising approach to improving hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Shiyang Chen , Rain Jiang , Dezhi Yu , Jinlai Xu , Mengyuan Chao , Fanlong Meng , Chenyu Jiang , Wei Xu , Hang Liu

This study introduces bifurcated attention, a method designed to enhance language model inference in shared-context batch decoding scenarios. Our approach addresses the challenge of redundant memory IO costs, a critical factor contributing…

Prefix caching is crucial to accelerate multi-turn interactions and requests with shared prefixes. At the cluster level, existing prefix caching systems are tightly coupled with request scheduling to optimize cache efficiency and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bingyang Wu , Zili Zhang , Yinmin Zhong , Guanzhe Huang , Yibo Zhu , Xuanzhe Liu , Xin Jin

The evolution of Large Language Model (LLM) serving towards complex, distributed architectures--specifically the P/D-separated, large-scale DP+EP paradigm--introduces distinct scheduling challenges. Unlike traditional deployments where…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jian Tian , Shuailong Li , Yang Cao , Wenbo Cui , Minghan Zhu , Wenkang Wu , Jianming Zhang , Yanpeng Wang , Zhiwen Xiao , Zhenyu Hou , Dou Shen

The widespread growth in LLM developments increasingly demands more computational power from clusters than what they can supply. Traditional LLM applications inherently require huge static resource allocations, which force users to either…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Thanh Son Phung , Douglas Thain

Recently, the number of off-the-shelf Large Language Models (LLMs) has exploded with many open-source options. This creates a diverse landscape regarding both serving options (e.g., inference on local hardware vs remote LLM APIs) and model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Dimitrios Sikeridis , Dennis Ramdass , Pranay Pareek

The inference of transformer-based large language models consists of two sequential stages: 1) a prefilling stage to compute the KV cache of prompts and generate the first token, and 2) a decoding stage to generate subsequent tokens. For…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Qichen Fu , Minsik Cho , Thomas Merth , Sachin Mehta , Mohammad Rastegari , Mahyar Najibi

Large language models (LLMs) achieve state-of-the-art accuracy on complex reasoning tasks by generating multiple chain-of-thought (CoT) traces, but using a fixed token budget per query leads to over-computation on easy inputs and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Katrina Brown , Aneesh Muppidi , Rana Shahout