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The large set of technical documentation of legacy accelerator systems, coupled with the retirement of experienced personnel, underscores the urgent need for efficient methods to preserve and transfer specialized knowledge. This paper…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Qing Dai , Rasmus Ischebeck , Maruisz Sapinski , Adam Grycner

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress across multiple biomedical tasks, including biomedical question answering, lay-language summarization of the biomedical literature, and clinical note…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Deepak Gupta , Dina Demner-Fushman , William Hersh , Steven Bedrick , Kirk Roberts

The rapid growth of biomedical knowledge has outpaced our ability to efficiently extract insights and generate novel hypotheses. Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising tool to revolutionize knowledge interaction and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Biqing Qi , Kaiyan Zhang , Kai Tian , Haoxiang Li , Zhang-Ren Chen , Sihang Zeng , Ermo Hua , Hu Jinfang , Bowen Zhou

The large-scale development of large language models (LLMs) in medical contexts, such as diagnostic assistance and treatment recommendations, necessitates that these models possess accurate medical knowledge and deliver traceable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Qiyuan Li , Haijiang Liu , Caicai Guo , Chao Gao , Deyu Chen , Meng Wang , Feng Gao , Frank van Harmelen , Jinguang Gu

To address challenges in the digital economy's landscape of digital intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have been developed. Improvements in computational power and available resources have significantly advanced LLMs, allowing their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yanxin Zheng , Wensheng Gan , Zefeng Chen , Zhenlian Qi , Qian Liang , Philip S. Yu

In many scientific fields, large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the way text and other modalities of data (e.g., molecules and proteins) are handled, achieving superior performance in various applications and augmenting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Yu Zhang , Xiusi Chen , Bowen Jin , Sheng Wang , Shuiwang Ji , Wei Wang , Jiawei Han

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in various domains, including healthcare. However, the specialized nature of clinical language understanding tasks presents unique challenges and limitations that warrant further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Yuqing Wang , Yun Zhao , Linda Petzold

The application of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare has gained significant attention due to their ability to process complex medical data and provide insights for clinical decision-making. These models have demonstrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Amna Khalid , Ayma Khalid , Umar Khalid

Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly become important tools in Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI), enabling new ways to analyze data, treat patients, and conduct research. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of LLM…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Huizi Yu , Lizhou Fan , Lingyao Li , Jiayan Zhou , Zihui Ma , Lu Xian , Wenyue Hua , Sijia He , Mingyu Jin , Yongfeng Zhang , Ashvin Gandhi , Xin Ma

Problem-solving has been a fundamental driver of human progress in numerous domains. With advancements in artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools capable of tackling complex problems across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Da Zheng , Lun Du , Junwei Su , Yuchen Tian , Yuqi Zhu , Jintian Zhang , Lanning Wei , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense capabilities in understanding textual data and are increasingly being adopted to help researchers accelerate scientific discovery through knowledge extraction (information retrieval),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Robinson Umeike , Neil Getty , Fangfang Xia , Rick Stevens

Large language models (LLMs) have been touted to enable increased productivity in many areas of today's work life. Scientific research as an area of work is no exception: the potential of LLM-based tools to assist in the daily work of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Mohamed Nejjar , Luca Zacharias , Fabian Stiehle , Ingo Weber

Hypothesis formulation and testing are central to empirical research. A strong hypothesis is a best guess based on existing evidence and informed by a comprehensive view of relevant literature. However, with exponential increase in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Sai Koneru , Jian Wu , Sarah Rajtmajer

The emergence of advanced reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) marks a transformative development in healthcare applications. Beyond merely expanding functional capabilities, these reasoning mechanisms enhance decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Armin Berger , Sarthak Khanna , David Berghaus , Rafet Sifa

We aim to present a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) within the healthcare sector, emphasizing their transformative impact across various medical domains. LLMs have become pivotal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ummara Mumtaz , Awais Ahmed , Summaya Mumtaz

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited exceptional capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, image recognition, and multimodal tasks, charting a course towards AGI and emerging as a central issue in the global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Guoqiang Liang , Jingqian Gong , Mengxuan Li , Gege Lin , Shuo Zhang

With recent Nobel Prizes recognising AI contributions to science, Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming scientific research by enhancing productivity and reshaping the scientific method. LLMs are now involved in experimental design,…

Large language models (LLMs) hold promise for transforming healthcare, from streamlining administrative and clinical workflows to enriching patient engagement and advancing clinical decision-making. However, their successful integration…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Mohammed Al-Garadi , Tushar Mungle , Abdulaziz Ahmed , Abeed Sarker , Zhuqi Miao , Michael E. Matheny

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming scientific hypothesis generation and validation by enabling information synthesis, latent relationship discovery, and reasoning augmentation. This survey provides a structured overview of…

Large language models (LLMs) have been extensively studied for their abilities to generate convincing natural language sequences, however their utility for quantitative information retrieval is less well understood. Here we explore the…