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In this paper, we study Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC) as a joint decision made by two separate models: a language model and an error model. Through empirical analysis, we find that fine-tuning BERT tends to over-fit the error model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Hongqiu Wu , Shaohua Zhang , Yuchen Zhang , Hai Zhao

Despite the rapid progress of end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR), it has been shown that incorporating external language models (LMs) into the decoding can further improve the recognition performance of E2E ASR systems. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Jinchuan Tian , Jianwei Yu , Chao Weng , Yuexian Zou , Dong Yu

Contextual Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) faces challenges with large-scale keyword dictionaries, as excessive irrelevant candidates introduce noise that degrades accuracy. To address this, dynamic filtering typically uses a base ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shilin Zhou , Zhenghua Li

Although existing neural network approaches have achieved great success on Chinese spelling correction, there is still room to improve. The model is required to avoid over-correction and to distinguish a correct token from its phonological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Rui Sun , Xiuyu Wu , Yunfang Wu

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional Chinese text processing capabilities, particularly in Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC). While LLMs outperform traditional BERT-based models in accuracy and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Sophie Zhang , Zhiming Lin

Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC) aims to detect and correct erroneous tokens in sentences. Traditional CSC focuses on equal length correction and uses pretrained language models (PLMs). While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Junhong Liang , Yu Zhou

A sequence-to-sequence learning with neural networks has empirically proven to be an effective framework for Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC), which takes a sentence with some spelling errors as input and outputs the corrected one.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Chong Li , Cenyuan Zhang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL) has emerged as a flourishing research field for adapting large pre-trained models to downstream tasks, greatly reducing trainable parameters while grappling with memory challenges during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Haiwen Diao , Bo Wan , Xu Jia , Yunzhi Zhuge , Ying Zhang , Huchuan Lu , Long Chen

The word error rate (WER) of an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system increases when a mismatch occurs between the training and the testing conditions due to the noise, etc. In this case, the acoustic information can be less reliable.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Dominique Fohr , Irina Illina

Chinese Spelling Check (CSC) refers to the detection and correction of spelling errors in Chinese texts. In practical application scenarios, it is important to make CSC models have the ability to correct errors across different domains. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Siqi Song , Qi Lv , Lei Geng , Ziqiang Cao , Guohong Fu

The prevalence of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems in spoken language applications has increased significantly in recent years. Notably, many African languages lack sufficient linguistic resources to support the robustness of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Amina Mardiyyah Rufai , Afolabi Abeeb , Esther Oduntan , Tayo Arulogun , Oluwabukola Adegboro , Daniel Ajisafe

Chinese BERT models achieve remarkable progress in dealing with grammatical errors of word substitution. However, they fail to handle word insertion and deletion because BERT assumes the existence of a word at each position. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Cong Zhou , Yong Dai , Duyu Tang , Enbo Zhao , Zhangyin Feng , Li Kuang , Shuming Shi

Spelling correction is the task of identifying spelling mistakes, typos, and grammatical mistakes in a given text and correcting them according to their context and grammatical structure. This work introduces "AraSpell," a framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Mahmoud Salhab , Faisal Abu-Khzam

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unparalleled effectiveness in various NLP tasks, and integrating LLMs with automatic speech recognition (ASR) is becoming a mainstream paradigm. Building upon this momentum, our research delves…

Existing Chinese text error detection mainly focuses on spelling and simple grammatical errors. These errors have been studied extensively and are relatively simple for humans. On the contrary, Chinese semantic errors are understudied and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Bo Sun , Baoxin Wang , Wanxiang Che , Dayong Wu , Zhigang Chen , Ting Liu

Although automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems achieved significantly improvements in recent years, spoken language recognition error occurs which can be easily spotted by human beings. Various language modeling techniques have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Yun Zhao , Xuerui Yang , Jinchao Wang , Yongyu Gao , Chao Yan , Yuanfu Zhou

Recent advances in large-scale language representation models such as BERT have improved the state-of-the-art performances in many NLP tasks. Meanwhile, character-level Chinese NLP models, including BERT for Chinese, have also demonstrated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Boxin Wang , Boyuan Pan , Xin Li , Bo Li

This research introduces a state-of-the-art Persian spelling correction system that seamlessly integrates deep learning techniques with phonetic analysis, significantly enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Dashti , Amid Khatibi Bardsiri , Mehdi Jafari Shahbazzadeh

In recent years, pre-trained models have been extensively studied, and several downstream tasks have benefited from their utilization. In this study, we verify the effectiveness of two methods that incorporate a BERT-based pre-trained model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Hongfei Wang , Michiki Kurosawa , Satoru Katsumata , Mamoru Komachi

The pre-training of text encoders normally processes text as a sequence of tokens corresponding to small text units, such as word pieces in English and characters in Chinese. It omits information carried by larger text granularity, and thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Shizhe Diao , Jiaxin Bai , Yan Song , Tong Zhang , Yonggang Wang