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Deep neural networks (DNNs) are becoming a key component in diverse systems across the board. However, despite their success, they often err miserably; and this has triggered significant interest in formally verifying them. Unfortunately,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Raya Elsaleh , Guy Katz

An important challenge when using computer vision models in the real world is to evaluate their performance in potential out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios. While simple synthetic corruptions are commonly applied to test OOD robustness,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Olaf Dünkel , Artur Jesslen , Jiahao Xie , Christian Theobalt , Christian Rupprecht , Adam Kortylewski

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where an attacker manipulates a small portion of the training data to implant hidden backdoors into the model. The compromised model behaves normally on clean samples but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Ting Qiao , Yingjia Wang , Xing Liu , Sixing Wu , Jianbin Li , Yiming Li

Malware, or software designed with harmful intent, is an ever-evolving threat that can have drastic effects on both individuals and institutions. Neural network malware classification systems are key tools for combating these threats but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Preston K. Robinette , Diego Manzanas Lopez , Serena Serbinowska , Kevin Leach , Taylor T. Johnson

Methods to certify the robustness of neural networks in the presence of input uncertainty are vital in safety-critical settings. Most certification methods in the literature are designed for adversarial input uncertainty, but researchers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Brendon G. Anderson , Somayeh Sojoudi

Neural networks have been widely applied in security applications such as spam and phishing detection, intrusion prevention, and malware detection. This black-box method, however, often has uncertainty and poor explainability in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Mark Huasong Meng , Guangdong Bai , Sin Gee Teo , Zhe Hou , Yan Xiao , Yun Lin , Jin Song Dong

Despite the functional success of deep neural networks (DNNs), their trustworthiness remains a crucial open challenge. To address this challenge, both testing and verification techniques have been proposed. But these existing techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Teodora Baluta , Zheng Leong Chua , Kuldeep S. Meel , Prateek Saxena

Deep Neural Networks(DNN) have excessively advanced the field of computer vision by achieving state of the art performance in various vision tasks. These results are not limited to the field of vision but can also be seen in speech…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Chirag Agarwal , Bo Dong , Dan Schonfeld , Anthony Hoogs

Neural networks are often susceptible to minor perturbations in input that cause them to misclassify. A recent solution to this problem is the use of globally-robust neural networks, which employ a function to certify that the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-05-13 James Tobler , Hira Taqdees Syeda , Toby Murray

With a constant improvement in the network architectures and training methodologies, Neural Networks (NNs) are increasingly being deployed in real-world Machine Learning systems. However, despite their impressive performance on "known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Mahum Naseer , Mishal Fatima Minhas , Faiq Khalid , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Osman Hasan , Muhammad Shafique

Neural networks are increasingly employed in safety-critical domains. This has prompted interest in verifying or certifying logically encoded properties of neural networks. Prior work has largely focused on checking existential properties,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Teodora Baluta , Shiqi Shen , Shweta Shinde , Kuldeep S. Meel , Prateek Saxena

Negation is a fundamental linguistic phenomenon that poses ongoing challenges for Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in tasks requiring deep semantic understanding. Current benchmarks often treat negation as a minor detail within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yeonkyoung So , Gyuseong Lee , Sungmok Jung , Joonhak Lee , JiA Kang , Sangho Kim , Jaejin Lee

Numerous explainability methods have been proposed to shed light on the inner workings of GNNs. Despite the inclusion of empirical evaluations in all the proposed algorithms, the interrogative aspects of these evaluations lack diversity. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Mert Kosan , Samidha Verma , Burouj Armgaan , Khushbu Pahwa , Ambuj Singh , Sourav Medya , Sayan Ranu

Training certifiably robust neural networks is an important but challenging task. While many algorithms for (deterministic) certified training have been proposed, they are often evaluated on different training schedules, certification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yuhao Mao , Stefan Balauca , Martin Vechev

Formal verification of neural networks is essential before their deployment in safety-critical applications. However, existing methods for formally verifying neural networks are not yet scalable enough to handle practical problems under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Tobias Ladner , Matthias Althoff

Methods to certify the robustness of neural networks in the presence of input uncertainty are vital in safety-critical settings. Most certification methods in the literature are designed for adversarial or worst-case inputs, but researchers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Brendon G. Anderson , Somayeh Sojoudi

Neural networks (NNs) are increasingly applied in safety-critical systems such as autonomous vehicles. However, they are fragile and are often ill-behaved. Consequently, their behaviors should undergo rigorous guarantees before deployment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zhen Liang , Dejin Ren , Wanwei Liu , Ji Wang , Wenjing Yang , Bai Xue

Fairness of machine learning (ML) software has become a major concern in the recent past. Although recent research on testing and improving fairness have demonstrated impact on real-world software, providing fairness guarantee in practice…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Sumon Biswas , Hridesh Rajan

We introduce DeepCert, a tool-supported method for verifying the robustness of deep neural network (DNN) image classifiers to contextually relevant perturbations such as blur, haze, and changes in image contrast. While the robustness of DNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Colin Paterson , Haoze Wu , John Grese , Radu Calinescu , Corina S. Pasareanu , Clark Barrett

With the surge of social media, maliciously tampered public speeches, especially those from influential figures, have seriously affected social stability and public trust. Existing speech tampering detection methods remain insufficient:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Lingfeng Yao , Chenpei Huang , Shengyao Wang , Junpei Xue , Hanqing Guo , Jiang Liu , Xun Chen , Miao Pan