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In a context of a continuous digitalisation of processes, organisations must deal with the challenge of detecting anomalies that can reveal suspicious activities upon an increasing volume of data. To pursue this goal, audit engagements are…

Recent studies demonstrate that diffusion models can serve as a strong prior for solving inverse problems. A prominent example is Diffusion Posterior Sampling (DPS), which approximates the posterior distribution of data given the measure…

Failure indexing is a longstanding crux in software testing and debugging, the goal of which is to automatically divide failures (e.g., failed test cases) into distinct groups according to the culprit root causes, as such multiple faults in…

We consider the problem of traffic density reconstruction using measurements from probe vehicles (PVs) with a low penetration rate. In other words, the number of sensors is small compared to the number of vehicles on the road. The model…

Sequence set is a widely-used type of data source in a large variety of fields. A typical example is protein structure prediction, which takes an multiple sequence alignment (MSA) as input and aims to infer structural information from it.…

Markov state models (MSMs) have been demonstrated to be a powerful method for computationally studying intramolecular processes such as protein folding and macromolecular conformational changes. In this article, we present a new approach to…

Inverse optimal control can be used to characterize behavior in sequential decision-making tasks. Most existing work, however, is limited to fully observable or linear systems, or requires the action signals to be known. Here, we introduce…

We consider nonlinear inverse problems arising in the context of parameter identification for parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs). For stable reconstructions, regularization methods such as the iteratively regularized…

Auto-regressive moving-average (ARMA) models are ubiquitous forecasting tools. Parsimony in such models is highly valued for their interpretability and computational tractability, and as such the identification of model orders remains a…

Aligned large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to adversarial manipulation, and their reliance on web-scale pretraining creates a subtle but consequential attack surface. We study Stealth Pretraining Seeding (SPS), a threat model in…

In an ideal medical environment, real-time coagulation monitoring can enable early detection and prompt remediation of risks. However, traditional Thromboelastography (TEG), a widely employed diagnostic modality, can only provide such…

We consider the identification of non-causal systems with random switching modes (NCSRSM), a class of models essential for describing typical power load management and department store inventory dynamics. The simultaneous identification of…

Parameter-efficient tuning aims to distill knowledge for downstream tasks by optimizing a few introduced parameters while freezing the pretrained language models (PLMs). Continuous prompt tuning which prepends a few trainable vectors to the…

Many physical and engineering systems require solving direct problems to predict behavior and inverse problems to determine unknown parameters from measurement. In this work, we study both aspects for systems governed by differential…

Neural networks have emerged as effective tools for solving ill-posed inverse problems. In many scientific applications, however, observational training data are insufficient, and learned inverse operators must instead be trained on…

We introduce semi-parametric inducing point networks (SPIN), a general-purpose architecture that can query the training set at inference time in a compute-efficient manner. Semi-parametric architectures are typically more compact than…

We present a simple and efficient Bayesian recursive algorithm for the data-pattern scheme for quantum state reconstruction, which is applicable to situations where measurement settings can be controllably varied efficiently. The algorithm…

Although federated learning has gained prominence as a privacy-preserving framework tailored for distributed Internet of Things (IoT) environments, current federated principal component analysis (PCA) methods lack integration of sparsity, a…

This paper aims at improving the classification accuracy of a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier with Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO) training algorithm in order to properly classify failure and normal instances from oil and gas…

Predictive Process Monitoring (PPM) aims to forecast the future behavior of ongoing process instances using historical event data, enabling proactive decision-making. While recent advances rely heavily on deep learning models such as LSTMs…