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Vision Transformer (ViT)-based sparse multi-view 3D object detectors have achieved remarkable accuracy but still suffer from high inference latency due to heavy token processing. To accelerate these models, token compression has been widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Mingqian Ji , Shanshan Zhang , Jian Yang

Vision Transformer models process input images by dividing them into a spatially regular grid of equal-size patches. Conversely, Transformers were originally introduced over natural language sequences, where each token represents a subword…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Tomer Ronen , Omer Levy , Avram Golbert

In generative modeling, tokenization simplifies complex data into compact, structured representations, creating a more efficient, learnable space. For high-dimensional visual data, it reduces redundancy and emphasizes key features for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Long Zhao , Sanghyun Woo , Ziyu Wan , Yandong Li , Han Zhang , Boqing Gong , Hartwig Adam , Xuhui Jia , Ting Liu

3D generation has witnessed significant advancements, yet efficiently producing high-quality 3D assets from a single image remains challenging. In this paper, we present a triplane autoencoder, which encodes 3D models into a compact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Bowen Zhang , Tianyu Yang , Yu Li , Lei Zhang , Xi Zhao

We present LATTICE, a new framework for high-fidelity 3D asset generation that bridges the quality and scalability gap between 3D and 2D generative models. While 2D image synthesis benefits from fixed spatial grids and well-established…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Zeqiang Lai , Yunfei Zhao , Zibo Zhao , Haolin Liu , Qingxiang Lin , Jingwei Huang , Chunchao Guo , Xiangyu Yue

The quality of the latent space in visual tokenizers (e.g., VAEs) is crucial for modern generative models. However, the standard reconstruction-based training paradigm produces a latent space that is biased towards low-level information,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Jingfeng Yao , Yuda Song , Yucong Zhou , Xinggang Wang

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as state-of-the-art models for various vision tasks recently. However, their heavy computation costs remain daunting for resource-limited devices. To address this, researchers have dedicated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ao Wang , Hui Chen , Zijia Lin , Sicheng Zhao , Jungong Han , Guiguang Ding

Latent diffusion models have emerged as the dominant framework for high-fidelity and efficient image generation, owing to their ability to learn diffusion processes in compact latent spaces. However, while previous research has focused…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Qifan Li , Xingyu Zhou , Jinhua Zhang , Weiyi You , Shuhang Gu

Existing video tokenizers typically use the traditional Variational Autoencoder (VAE) architecture for video compression and reconstruction. However, to achieve good performance, its training process often relies on complex multi-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Nianzu Yang , Pandeng Li , Liming Zhao , Yang Li , Chen-Wei Xie , Yehui Tang , Xudong Lu , Zhihang Liu , Yun Zheng , Yu Liu , Junchi Yan

Recently, many neural network-based image compression methods have shown promising results superior to the existing tool-based conventional codecs. However, most of them are often trained as separate models for different target bit rates,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-09 Jooyoung Lee , Seyoon Jeong , Munchurl Kim

This paper challenges the dominance of continuous pipelines in visual generation. We systematically investigate the performance gap between discrete and continuous methods. Contrary to the belief that discrete tokenizers are intrinsically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Qihang Yu , Qihao Liu , Ju He , Xinyang Zhang , Yang Liu , Liang-Chieh Chen , Xi Chen

In autoregressive (AR) image generation, visual tokenizers compress images into compact discrete latent tokens, enabling efficient training of downstream autoregressive models for visual generation via next-token prediction. While scaling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Tianwei Xiong , Jun Hao Liew , Zilong Huang , Jiashi Feng , Xihui Liu

Vector quantization (VQ) transforms continuous image features into discrete representations, providing compressed, tokenized inputs for generative models. However, VQ-based frameworks suffer from several issues, such as non-smooth latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Sicheng Yang , Xing Hu , Qiang Wu , Dawei Yang

Image tokenizers are crucial for visual generative models, e.g., diffusion models (DMs) and autoregressive (AR) models, as they construct the latent representation for modeling. Increasing token length is a common approach to improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Xiang Li , Kai Qiu , Hao Chen , Jason Kuen , Jiuxiang Gu , Bhiksha Raj , Zhe Lin

Recent image generation schemes typically capture image distribution in a pre-constructed latent space relying on a frozen image tokenizer. Though the performance of tokenizer plays an essential role to the successful generation, its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Kai Qiu , Xiang Li , Jason Kuen , Hao Chen , Xiaohao Xu , Jiuxiang Gu , Yinyi Luo , Bhiksha Raj , Zhe Lin , Marios Savvides

Video tokenization procedure is critical for a wide range of video processing tasks. Most existing approaches directly transform video into fixed-grid and patch-wise tokens, which exhibit limited versatility. Spatially, uniformly allocating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Zhenghao Chen , Zicong Chen , Lei Liu , Yiming Wu , Dong Xu

Token compression expedites the training and inference of Vision Transformers (ViTs) by reducing the number of the redundant tokens, e.g., pruning inattentive tokens or merging similar tokens. However, when applied to downstream tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Shibo Jie , Yehui Tang , Jianyuan Guo , Zhi-Hong Deng , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang

Visual tokenizers are fundamental to image generation. They convert visual data into discrete tokens, enabling transformer-based models to excel at image generation. Despite their success, VQ-based tokenizers like VQGAN face significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Zechen Bai , Jianxiong Gao , Ziteng Gao , Pichao Wang , Zheng Zhang , Tong He , Mike Zheng Shou

3D structure modeling is essential across scales, enabling applications from fluid simulation and 3D reconstruction to protein folding and molecular docking. Yet, despite shared 3D spatial patterns, current approaches remain fragmented,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Shuqi Lu , Haowei Lin , Lin Yao , Zhifeng Gao , Xiaohong Ji , Yitao Liang , Weinan E , Linfeng Zhang , Guolin Ke

Vision Transformers (ViT) have achieved remarkable success in large-scale image recognition. They split every 2D image into a fixed number of patches, each of which is treated as a token. Generally, representing an image with more tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Yulin Wang , Rui Huang , Shiji Song , Zeyi Huang , Gao Huang