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Large embedding tables are indispensable in modern recommendation systems, thanks to their ability to effectively capture and memorize intricate details of interactions among diverse entities. As we explore integrating large embedding…

Sequential models that encode user activity for next action prediction have become a popular design choice for building web-scale personalized recommendation systems. Traditional methods of sequential recommendation either utilize…

Learned embeddings for products are an important building block for web-scale e-commerce recommendation systems. At Pinterest, we build a single set of product embeddings called ItemSage to provide relevant recommendations in all shopping…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Paul Baltescu , Haoyu Chen , Nikil Pancha , Andrew Zhai , Jure Leskovec , Charles Rosenberg

Features in product lines and highly configurable systems can interact in ways that are contrary to developers' intent. Current methods to identify such unanticipated feature interactions are costly and inadequate. To address this problem…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Seyedehzahra Khoshmanesh , Tuba Yavuz , Robyn R. Lutz

Feature interaction is a core ingredient in ranking models for large-scale recommender systems, yet making it both expressive and efficiently scalable remains challenging. Exhaustive pairwise interaction is powerful but incurs quadratic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Kaiyuan Li , Yongxiang Tang , Wenzheng Shu , Yanxiang Zeng , Chao Wang , Yanhua Cheng , Xialong Liu , Peng Jiang

Pinterest is a leading visual discovery platform where recommender systems (RecSys) are key to delivering relevant, engaging, and fresh content to our users. In this paper, we study the problem of improving RecSys model predictions for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Saeed Ebrahimi , Weijie Jiang , Jaewon Yang , Olafur Gudmundsson , Yucheng Tu , Huizhong Duan

Recommender systems have generated tremendous value for both users and businesses, drawing significant attention from academia and industry alike. However, due to practical constraints, academic research remains largely confined to offline…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Kuan Zou , Aixin Sun

Embedding models, which learn latent representations of users and items based on user-item interaction patterns, are a key component of recommendation systems. In many applications, contextual constraints need to be applied to refine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Syrine Krichene , Mike Gartrell , Clement Calauzenes

Modern search systems use a multi-stage architecture to deliver personalized results efficiently. Key stages include retrieval, pre-ranking, full ranking, and blending, which refine billions of items to top selections. The pre-ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sujay Khandagale , Bhawna Juneja , Prabhat Agarwal , Aditya Subramanian , Jaewon Yang , Yuting Wang

Industrial recommendation systems are typically composed of multiple stages, including retrieval, ranking, and blending. The retrieval stage plays a critical role in generating a high-recall set of candidate items that covers a wide range…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zhibo Fan , Hongtao Lin , Haoyu Chen , Bowen Deng , Hedi Xia , Yuke Yan , James Li

In this paper, we introduce a novel framework following an upstream-downstream paradigm to construct user and item (Pin) embeddings from diverse data sources, which are essential for Pinterest to deliver personalized Pins and ads…

Feature interactions are essential for achieving high accuracy in recommender systems. Many studies take into account the interaction between every pair of features. However, this is suboptimal because some feature interactions may not be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Yixin Su , Rui Zhang , Sarah Erfani , Zhenghua Xu

User retention is a critical objective for online platforms like Pinterest, as it strengthens user loyalty and drives growth through repeated engagement. A key indicator of retention is revisitation, i.e., when users return to view…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Weijie Jiang , Armando Ordorica , Jaewon Yang , Olafur Gudmundsson , Yucheng Tu , Huizhong Duan

Learning feature interaction is the critical backbone to building recommender systems. In web-scale applications, learning feature interaction is extremely challenging due to the sparse and large input feature space; meanwhile, manually…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Huan Gui , Ruoxi Wang , Ke Yin , Long Jin , Maciej Kula , Taibai Xu , Lichan Hong , Ed H. Chi

Modeling user action sequences has become a popular focus in industrial recommendation system research, particularly for Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction tasks. However, industry-scale CTR models often rely on short user sequences,…

This paper presents Pinterest Related Pins, an item-to-item recommendation system that combines collaborative filtering with content-based ranking. We demonstrate that signals derived from user curation, the activity of users organizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-13 Dmitry Kislyuk , Yuchen Liu , David Liu , Eric Tzeng , Yushi Jing

Related Pins is the Web-scale recommender system that powers over 40% of user engagement on Pinterest. This paper is a longitudinal study of three years of its development, exploring the evolution of the system and its components from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-02-28 David C. Liu , Stephanie Rogers , Raymond Shiau , Dmitry Kislyuk , Kevin C. Ma , Zhigang Zhong , Jenny Liu , Yushi Jing

Recommender system research has oftentimes focused on approaches that operate on large-scale datasets containing millions of user interactions. However, many small businesses struggle to apply state-of-the-art models due to their very…

In this work, we present our journey to revolutionize the personalized recommendation engine through end-to-end learning from raw user actions. We encode user's long-term interest in Pinner- Former, a user embedding optimized for long-term…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Jiajing Xu , Andrew Zhai , Charles Rosenberg

Recommendation systems rely on user-provided data to learn about item quality and provide personalized recommendations. An implicit assumption when aggregating ratings into item quality is that ratings are strong indicators of item quality.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Rana Shahout , Yehonatan Peisakhovsky , Sasha Stoikov , Nikhil Garg
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