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Classical soft graviton theorem gives the gravitational wave-form at future null infinity at late retarded time $u$ for a general classical scattering. The large $u$ expansion has three known universal terms: the constant term, the term…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-02 Biswajit Sahoo , Ashoke Sen

A framework that structures the gravitational memory effects and which is consistent with gravitational electric-magnetic duality is presented. A correspondence is described between memory observables, particular subleading residual gauge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-17 Geoffrey Compère

The construction of exact linearized solutions to the Einstein equations within the Bondi-Sachs formalism is extended to the case of linearization about de Sitter spacetime. The gravitational wave field measured by distant observers is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-03 Nigel T. Bishop

After a short review of prominent properties of gravitational waves and the newly born gravitational astronomy, we focus on theoretical aspects. Analytic approximation methods in general relativity have played a crucial role in the recent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-08 Luc Blanchet

We present a derivation of the classical log soft graviton theorem within the asymptotic framework of Comp\`ere, Gralla, and Wei. The proof relies solely on Einstein equations near timelike, spatial, and null infinity, together with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-11 Gianni Boschetti , Miguel Campiglia

Full, non-linear general relativity predicts a memory effect for gravitational waves. For compact binary coalescence, the total gravitational memory serves as an inferred observable, conceptually on the same footing as the mass and the spin…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-17 Neev Khera , Badri Krishnan , Abhay Ashtekar , Tommaso De Lorenzo

Based on a recently proposed reinterpretation of gravitational wave memory that builds up on the definition of gravitational waves pioneered by Isaacson, we provide a unifying framework to derive both ordinary and null memory from a single…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-24 Lavinia Heisenberg , Guangzi Xu , Jann Zosso

Cataclysmic astrophysical phenomena can produce impulsive gravitational waves that can possibly be detected by the advanced versions of present-day detectors in the future. Gluing of two spacetimes across a null surface produces impulsive…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-16 Srijit Bhattacharjee , Arpan Bhattacharyya , Shailesh Kumar

Guided by the Einstein equivalence principle that identifies the phenomenon of gravitation as a manifestation of the dynamics of spacetime in contrast to a localizable force, we review and explore its consequences on formulating a theory of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-02 Jann Zosso

The nonlinear memory effect is a slowly-growing, non-oscillatory contribution to the gravitational-wave amplitude. It originates from gravitational waves that are sourced by the previously emitted waves. In an ideal gravitational-wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-27 Marc Favata

Black bounces are spacetimes that can be interpreted as either black holes or wormholes depending on specific parameters. In this study, we examine the Simpson-Visser and Bardeen-type solutions as black bounces and investigate the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-22 H. Hadi , R. Naderi

Soft theorems in gauge theory and gravity encode the universal properties of scattering amplitudes as the zero frequency limit of one or more external states is approached. When the participating particles are treated in the massless limit,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-07-15 Nikhil Kalyanapuram

The {\Lambda}CDM model has long served as a robust and predictive framework for cosmology, successfully explaining a wide range of observations, including the accelerated expansion of the Universe. However, discrepancies in cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-11 Indranil Chakraborty , Susmita Jana , S. Shankaranarayanan

Two novel results for the gravitational memory effect are presented in this paper. We first extend the formula for the memory effect to solutions with arbitrary two surface boundary topology. The memory effect for the Robinson-Trautman…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-24 Pujian Mao , Xiaoning Wu

Besides the transient effect, the passage of a gravitational wave also causes a persistent displacement in the relative position of an interferometer's test masses through the \emph{nonlinear memory effect}. This effect is generated by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-29 Silvia Gasparotto , Rodrigo Vicente , Diego Blas , Alexander C. Jenkins , Enrico Barausse

In this article, we compare in detail the linear and nonlinear approach to the Gravitational Waves Displacement and Velocity Memory (GWDM and GWVM) effects. We consider astrophysical situations that give rise to gravitational waves with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-21 Lydia Bieri , Alexander Polnarev

The "memory effect" is the permanent change in the relative separation of test particles resulting from the passage of gravitational radiation. We investigate the memory effect for a general, spatially flat FLRW cosmology by considering the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-17 Alexander Tolish , Robert M. Wald

Gravitational-wave memory is a non-linear effect predicted by general relativity that remains undetected. We apply a Bayesian analysis framework to search for gravitational-wave memory using binary black hole mergers in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-19 Shun Yin Cheung , Paul D. Lasky , Eric Thrane

The large-distance approximation of a sandwich gravitational wave by a continuous but not necessarily smooth profile provides us with an approximate analytic description of particle motion in a gravitational wave as spelled out for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-26 Q-L Zhao , P. -M. Zhang , M. Elbistan , P. A. Horvathy

The gravitational-wave (GW) memory effect is a strong-field relativistic phenomenon that is associated with a persistent change in the GW strain after the passage of a GW. The nonlinear effect arises from interactions of GWs themselves in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-01 Arwa Elhashash , David A. Nichols